During the past decades, pressures on global environment and energy security have led to an increasing demand on renewable energy sources and diversification of the world's energy supply. The Portuguese energy strategy considers the use of Forest Biomass Residues (FBR) to energy as being essential to accomplish the goals established in the National Energy Strategy for 2020. However, despite the advantages pointing to FBR to the energy supply chain, few studies have evaluated the potential impacts on air quality. In this context, a case study was selected to estimate the atmospheric emissions of the FBR to the energy supply chain in Portugal. Results revealed that production, harvesting, and energy conversion processes are the main culprits for the biomass energy supply chain emissions (with a contribution higher than 90%), while the transport processes have a minor importance for all the pollutants. Compared with the coal-fired plants, the FBR combustion produces lower greenhouses emissions, on a mass basis of fuel consumed; the same is true for NOX and SO2 emissions.

中文翻译：

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从森林生物质残留物到能源供应链的大气排放：葡萄牙的案例研究

在过去的几十年中，全球环境和能源安全面临的压力导致对可再生能源的需求不断增加，世界能源供应多样化。葡萄牙能源战略认为将森林生物质残留物 (FBR) 用于能源对于实现 2020 年国家能源战略中确定的目标至关重要。 然而，尽管 FBR 对能源供应链具有优势，但很少有研究评估对空气质量的潜在影响。在这种情况下，我们选择了一项案例研究来估计 FBR 对葡萄牙能源供应链的大气排放。结果显示，生产、收获和能源转换过程是生物质能源供应链排放的罪魁祸首（贡献率超过 90%），而运输过程对所有污染物的重要性都不大。与燃煤电厂相比，FBR 燃烧产生的温室气体排放量较低，以消耗的燃料质量为基础；NOX 和 SO2 排放也是如此。