Conventional water treatment consumes large quantities of coagulant and produces even greater volumes of sludge. Coagulant recovery (CR) presents an opportunity to reduce both the sludge quantities and the costs they incur, by regenerating and purifying coagulant before reuse. Recovery and purification must satisfy stringent potable regulations for harmful contaminants, while remaining competitive with commercial coagulants. These challenges have restricted uptake and lead research towards lower-gain, lower-risk alternatives. This review documents the context in which CR must be considered, before comparing the relative efficacies and bottlenecks of potential technologies, expediting identification of the major knowledge gaps and future research requirements.

中文翻译：

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从水处理残留物中回收混凝剂：适用技术回顾

传统的水处理会消耗大量的混凝剂并产生更多的污泥。混凝剂回收 (CR) 提供了一个机会，通过在重新使用前再生和净化混凝剂来减少污泥数量和它们产生的成本。回收和净化必须满足对有害污染物的严格饮用水法规，同时保持与商业混凝剂的竞争力。这些挑战限制了对低收益、低风险替代方案的采用和引导研究。本综述记录了在比较潜在技术的相对功效和瓶颈之前必须考虑 CR 的背景，加快确定主要知识差距和未来研究需求。