The tree constitutes an ecosystem in which microorganisms play an essential role in its functionality. Interactions that microorganisms establish with plants may be beneficial or detrimental and are of extreme importance in the exploitation of trees in agriculture as crop production systems. Fruit trees, especially pomefruit trees including apple, pear and several ornamentals are of great economic importance but its production is affected by several diseases. Fungal and bacterial fruit tree diseases are mainly controlled with chemical fungicides and bactericides, but health and environmental concerns about the use of chemical pesticides have result in strong regulatory actions and have stimulated the development of beneficial microorganisms as microbial pesticides. Up to now, several microorganisms have been registered in different countries and in the EU as biocontrol agents (BCA) covering mainly fire blight, soil-borne fungal diseases and postharvest fruit fungal rot. The key aspects in the success of this technology for disease control are related to biosafety and environmental impact of biocontrol agents, the traceability and fate in the environment and food chain, the improvement by physiological, genetic engineering or the use of mixtures or formulations as well as the industrial production and development of delivery systems for treatment application to trees.

中文翻译：

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控制微生物和农药柚树病的微生物农药的前景和局限性。

树木构成了生态系统，微生物在其中发挥了至关重要的作用。微生物与植物建立的相互作用可能是有益的，也可能是有害的，并且在农业中作为作物生产系统对树木的开发中具有极其重要的意义。果树，特别是包括苹果，梨和一些观赏植物的柚子树具有重要的经济意义，但其生产受到多种疾病的影响。真菌和细菌性果树病主要由化学杀真菌剂和杀菌剂控制，但对化学农药使用的健康和环境关注已导致强有力的调节作用，并刺激了有益微生物作为微生物农药的发展。到现在，几种微生物已在不同国家和欧盟注册为生物防治剂（BCA），主要涵盖火疫病，土壤传播的真菌病和收获后的水果真菌腐烂。该疾病控制技术成功的关键方面与生物安全和生物控制剂对环境的影响，环境和食物链中的可追溯性和命运，通过生理，基因工程或使用混合物或配方的改进有关作为工业生产和用于树木处理应用的输送系统的开发。