01

英文题目：Trade-offs in aviation impacts on climate favour non-CO₂ mitigation

中文题目：航空气候影响权衡与非CO₂减排优先性研究

作者：Michael J. Prather,  Andrew Gettelman, Joyce E. Penner 

原文链接：https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09198-2

期刊名称：nature

期刊分区： JCR Q1

IF：48.5

       摘要：Climate assessments of civil aviation have consistently quantified the dominant climate-forcing components: (1) CO₂ emissions, (2) NO_x (NO + NO₂ ) emissions and  (3) persistent contrails. All three components exert a positive radiative forcing (RF) and lead to climate warming of similar magnitudes. The aviation community is actively seeking to reduce its climate footprint through advanced engine technologies, more sustainable aviation fuel and optimal routing plans. These approaches usually involve a trade-off of CO₂ against NO_x or contrails (non-CO₂ ), such as burning 1% more fuel to decrease contrail RF by 4%. Here, we show that a climate-trade-off risk curve derived from uncertainties in the RF components can give the probability that  a specified trade-off ratio will produce a climate benefit. For each component, we calculate the integrated effective RF resulting from 1 year of flights: global warming per activity (GWA). The complementary cumulative probability distribution of the GWA(non-CO₂ ) to GWA(CO₂ ) ratio results in a climate-trade-off risk curve giving the likelihood of a positive climate outcome as a function of the trade-off-CO₂ to trade-offnon-CO₂ ratio, because the product, GWA × trade-off, should be the same for both.  We find a likely (67%) chance of climate mitigation on a 100-year time horizon for the above suggested ratio of 1:4, favouring proposed non-CO₂ mitigation efforts3–12 with ratios smaller than this.

02

英文题目：Gaseous and Particulate Emissions from a Small Business Jet Using Conventional Jet A-1 and a 30% SAF Blend

中文题目：采用传统 Jet A-1 航空燃油和 30% SAF 混合燃料的小型公务机气态与颗粒物排放特性

作者：Lukas Durdina, Zachary C. J. Decker, Jacinta Edebeli, Curdin Spirig, Tobias Frischknecht, Julien G. Anet, Benjamin T. Brem, Frithjof Siegerist, Theo Rindlisbacher

关键词：Sustainable aviation fuel; HEFA-SPK; Business Jet; Aircraft Engine; Particulate Matter; NvPM; NO_x; VOC; VOCUS

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestair.5c00053

期刊名称：ACS ES&T Air

图形摘要

       摘要：Small turbofan engines (<26.7 kN thrust) are unregulated for gaseous and particulate emissions, with emissions data largely absent from public databases. Yet, their environmental impact is likely increasing. This study examines emissions from a representative small turbofan engine on a Cessna Citation 560XL. It focuses on nonvolatile particulate matter (nvPM), gaseous pollutants, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).Ground-level measurements were conducted using a standardized system with conventional Jet A-1 and a 30% blend of synthesized paraffinic kerosene from hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA-SPK). This sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) blend reduced the nvPM mass and number emission indices (EIs) by ∼35% and ∼20% at idle, with diminishing effects at higher thrust. Estimated nvPM number EIs at cruise decreased by ∼10%, suggesting a similar reduction in contrail ice particle concentrations at the predicted nvPM number EIs.While CO, HC, and NO_x emissions remained unchanged, SO₂ emissions decreased proportionally to the fuel sulfur content. VOC analysis showed lower emissions of complex unsaturated hydrocarbons. These findings highlight SAF’s potential to mitigate climate and air quality impacts. They also reveal discrepancies in estimated emissions from small turbofan engines and underscore limitations in existing models that predict fuel composition effects on nvPM emissions.

03

英文题目：Aircraft Arrival and Departure Contributions to Ultrafine Particle Size Distribution in a Near-Airport Community

中文题目：飞机起降活动对近机场社区超细颗粒物粒径分布的贡献

作者：BreannaD. vanLoenen, FlanneryBlack-Ingersoll, JohnL.Durant, JonathanI.Levy,PrasadPatil, SeanC.Mueller,EmmaGause,NeelakshiHudda,MariaBermudez, andKevinJ.Lane

关键词：airpollution; ultrafineparticles; particle sizedistribution; aviation; source attribution

原文链接：https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5c04799

期刊名称：Environmental Science & Technology

期刊分区：JCR Q1

IF：11.3

       摘要：Determining aviation-related contributions to ambient ultrafine particle (UFP) concentrations in complex, multisource environments is challenging; source-specific differences in particle size distribution may provide a mechanism for source attribution. We examined UFP concentrations and size distribution across 32 particle diameters at a monitoring site in close proximity to Boston Logan International Airport across a two-year period, incorporating covariates for flight activity and meteorology. Total particle number concentration (PNC)was ∼2-fold higher when the site was downwind of the airport. During these wind conditions, particles between 8 and 12 nm in diameter comprised the largest proportion of overall PNC observed, consistent with aircraft contributions. Particle size distribution differed substantially between hours of predominant aircraft arrivals (peak modal diameter 9–11 nm) versus departures (peak modal diameter 39–52 nm). Peak concentrations of particles between 9 and 11 nm were found in the winter and during afternoon hours. We conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) to confirm particle size distributions from aviation activity. PCA results showed that nucleation-mode particles (<30 nm in diameter), specifically those between 9 and 11 nm, were associated with landing aircraft on a nearby runway, especially when the monitor was downwind of the airport. Our findings confirm that aviation-specific UFP emissions are dominated by nucleation mode particles, with long-term size distribution information able to distinguish between aircraft operations in near-airport communities.

04

英文题目：Aircraft emissions of ultrafine particles characterized by real-world near runway measurements

中文题目：基于跑道附近实测的飞机超细颗粒物排放特征研究

作者：Jeff Maes,SpyrosBezantakos, Luccas K. Kavabata, George Biskos, Irene C. Dedoussi

原文链接：

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-025-01095-9

期刊名称：npj | climate and atmospheric science

期刊分区： JCR Q1

IF：8.4

主要结论图

       摘要：Aircraft emissions of (ultra)fine particles during landing and take-off operations pose increasing human health hazards for airport employees and near-airport communities. Measurements of in-operation aircraft are therefore crucial for characterizing real-world aircraft emissions, and their variability. In this work, we develop an approach that enables the gathering of large quantities of data on real-world aircraft-specific emissions. We use three types of portable PM sensors located ca. 200 m downwind of an operational runway at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol, over different seasons, to characterize the plumes from ca. 500 specific operations covering most aircraft types of the global flying fleet. High concentration peaks (in the order of 10⁶ particles/cm³) of sub-25 nm particles are observed in the near field. While departure plumes exhibit higher particle number concentrations than arrival plumes, the values do not necessarily scale with aircraft size or engine thrust rating. We find large variability among aircraft types and engine models, highlighting the importance of incorporating real-world observations when assessing the impacts of aviation on the atmospheric composition and human health.

05

英文题目：Flight departure optimization reduces airport CO₂ emissions proved by Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei multiple-airport-region

中文题目：基于京津冀多机场区域的航班离港优化对机场CO₂排放减排效果的验证

作者：Yanfeng Xu, Mingyu Kang, Duxin Chen, Chenyang Wu, Xinglong Wang, Ran Tu, Wenwu Yu

关键词：Civil aviation; Digital twin; Flight scheduling management; Air transportation decarbonization; CO₂ emission reduction

原文链接：

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2025.104920

期刊名称：Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment

期刊分区： JCR Q1

IF：7.7

主要结论图

       摘要：The increasing number of flights in operation calls for scheduling optimization to alleviate departure delays and improve airport environmental efficiency. In this study, an aircraft dispatching model is proposed and solved with a digital twin (DT) system to capture the real-time airport operations. Setting the minimum airport surface operational emissions as the objective, this model highlights the resource utilization of the multiple-airport-region (MAR) in addition to the constraints from individual airports.DT simulation was applied to facilitate the real-time operational optimization within the region. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei MAR (BTH-MAR) is used as an example for DT system simulation validation, and the experimental results show that our model can effectively mitigate the flight delay, with Beijing Capital Airport able to reduce flight delays by 89 s on average, reduce takeoff congestion by 46 s on average, and altogether reduce 10% CO₂ emissions in the takeoff phase.

06

英文题目：The ELKglobal emission inventory for the transport sectors

中文题目：ELKglobal交通部门排放清单构建研究

作者：Mattia Righi, Simone Ehrenberger, Sabine Brinkop, Johannes Hendricks, Jens Hellekes, Paweł Bany´ s, Isheeka Dasgupta, Patrick Draheim, Annika Fitz, Manuel Löber, Thomas Pregger, Yvonne Scholz, Angelika Schulz, Birgit Suhr, Nina Thomsen, Christian Martin Weder, Peter Berster, Maximilian Clococeanu, Marc Gelhausen, Alexander Lau, Florian Linke, Sigrun Matthes, and Zarah Lea Zengerling

原文链接：

https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2025-454

期刊名称：Earth System Science Data

期刊分区： JCR Q1

IF：11.6

       摘要：The transport sectors, comprising land transport, shipping and aviation, are major contributors to climate change and have a detrimental impact on air quality, with adverse consequences for human health. The emissions from transport, already contributing 23% of total anthropogenic CO₂ emissions in 2019, are projected to continuously grow in the future, challenging the achievement of climate protection and pollution reduction targets. A major goal of transport research on climate and air quality is the accurate assessment of its impacts,which requires detailed emission data to drive atmospheric models and calculate projections for future scenarios. This paper presents the ELK global emission inventory for the transport sectors. The inventory is developed using a consistent bottom-up approach fed with a wide range of input data to model the transport f leets of land transport, shipping and aviation. It provides several major improvements over existing datasets, such as the explicit resolution of the emissions at the subsector level, the consideration of transport-specific quantities andemission species, and the quantification of the transport-related emissions from the energy sectors. The emission data is complemented by a quantitative uncertainty score, based on a detailed expert-judgement analysis along the modelling chain, from the activity data to the emission factors. The emission data is validated by comparing it with other, well-established global inventories, and biases are discussed and, where possible, explained in terms of the different assumptions and features of the underlying emission models.The ELK dataset is released under an open-source licence to encourage their use in the atmospheric modelling community.