“Clickable” graphene nanoribbons for biosensor interfaces

Roger Hasler; Gonzalo E. Fenoy; Alicia Götz; Verónica Montes-García; Cataldo Valentini; Zijie Qiu; Christoph Kleber; Paolo Samorì; Klaus Müllen; Wolfgang Knoll

doi:10.1039/D3NH00590A

“Clickable” graphene nanoribbons for biosensor interfaces†

Roger Hasler,

‡*^ab Gonzalo E. Fenoy,

‡^ac Alicia Götz,^d Verónica Montes-García,

^e Cataldo Valentini,

^ef Zijie Qiu,

^dg Christoph Kleber,

^b Paolo Samorì,

^e Klaus Müllen

^d and Wolfgang Knoll

*^ab

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, 3430 Tulln, Austria

^b Laboratory for Life Sciences and Technology (LiST), Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University, 3500 Krems, Austria
E-mail: wolfgang.knoll@dp-uni.ac.at, roger.hasler@dp-uni.ac.at

^c Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata B1904DPI, Argentina

^d Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany

^e Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Science et d’Ingénierie Supramoléculaires, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France

^f Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznań, Poland

^g School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, P. R. China

Abstract

We report on the synthesis of “clickable” graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and their application as a versatile interface for electrochemical biosensors. GNRs are successfully deposited on gold-coated working electrodes and serve as a platform for the covalent anchoring of a bioreceptor (i.e., a DNA aptamer), enabling selective and sensitive detection of Interleukin 6 (IL6). Moreover, when applied as the intermediate linker on reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based field-effect transistors (FETs), the GNRs provide improved robustness compared to conventional aromatic bi-functional linker molecules. GNRs enable an orthogonal and covalent attachment of a recognition unit with a considerably higher probe density than previously established methods. Interestingly, we demonstrate that GNRs introduce photoluminescence (PL) when applied to rGO-based FETs, paving the way toward the simultaneous optical and electronic probing of the attached biointerface.

This article is part of the themed collection: Nanoscale Horizons HOT Papers

Nanoscale Horizons

“Clickable” graphene nanoribbons for biosensor interfaces†

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