Abstract
Catalytic dehydrogenation of saturated hydrocarbons to corresponding alkenes by the release of the stoichiometric amount of hydrogen is the paramount solution for safe storage of hydrogen. The utilization of a catalytic membrane reactor for this process enhances the reaction yield beyond thermodynamic equilibrium by selectively and simultaneously removing the produced H2 during the reaction. To this end, the present review is focused on the integration of H2 permeable membranes with the catalysts for dehydrogenation of lighter alkanes for coproduction of olefins and high-purity hydrogen in a single step. Besides, this review also covers dehydrogenation of liquid organic hydrogen carriers for safe storage of hydrogen. Herein, different types of H2 perm-selective membranes used for the dehydrogenation reaction are highlighted and the effect of hydrocarbon on H2 permeation through these membranes are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the simulation studies along with the experimental investigation performed on the membrane reactors for dehydrogenation of linear and cyclic alkanes are critically reviewed to find the coherence between simulation and experimental findings. Systematic discussion is done on the different types of alkane dehydrogenation reactions and the parameters affecting the reaction performance. Finally, directions are provided to prepare a cheaper and large industrial scale membrane reactor for dehydrogenation reaction. The concept of coupling an exothermic reaction with the endothermic dehydrogenation reaction is provided as a future direction study to enhance the overall yield and energy efficiency of the integrated membrane reactor.
Funding source: Science and Engineering Research Council
Award Identifier / Grant number: AME IRG grant (No. A1783c0016)
Funding source: Ministry of Education – Singapore
Award Identifier / Grant number: FRC MOE T1 /A-0009184-00-00
Award Identifier / Grant number: MOE Tier-2 grant/ R279-000-544-112)
Funding source: Agency for Science, Technology and Research
Award Identifier / Grant number: A*STAR LCERFI Project /U2102d2011
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to kindly thank National University of Singapore (NUS) for providing and facilitating the research activities and provisions to conduct the research.
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Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.
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Research funding: The authors would like to thank the following funding agencies for providing financial support throughout the duration of research: Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) AME IRG grant (no. A1783c0016), and MOE Tier-2 grant (WBS: R279-000-544-112).
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Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.
Abbreviations
- CAGR
-
compound annual growth rate
- CFD
-
computational fluid dynamics
- CMR
-
catalytic membrane reactor
- DEC
-
decalin
- EDH
-
ethane dehydrogenation
- FBR
-
fixed bed reactor
- GHSV
-
gas hourly space velocity
- HFMR
-
hollow fiber membrane reactors
- LOHC
-
liquid organic hydrogen carriers
- NAP
-
naphthalene
- PBMR
-
packed bed membrane reactors
- PDH
-
propane dehydrogenation
- PE
-
poly ethylene
- PFR
-
plug-flow type reactor
- PP
-
poly propylene
- PS
-
polystyrene
- PVC
-
poly vinyl chloride
- TOL
-
toluene
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