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Dangers of speech technology for workplace diversity Nat. Mach. Intell. (IF 23.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Mike Horia Mihail Teodorescu, Mingang K. Geiger, Lily Morse
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How ground glass might save crops from drought on a Caribbean island Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-22
In Grenada, public-health researcher Lindonne Telesford tests a soil additive made from recycled glass that could help farmers adapt to climate change.
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How to freeze a memory: putting worms on ice stops them forgetting Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-22
The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans is quick to forget a notable odour — unless it is chilled or given lithium.
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Will AI accelerate or delay the race to net-zero emissions? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Amy Luers, Jonathan Koomey, Eric Masanet, Owen Gaffney, Felix Creutzig, Juan Lavista Ferres, Eric Horvitz
As artificial intelligence transforms the global economy, researchers need to explore scenarios to assess how it can help, rather than harm, the climate.
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Mix-Zones as an Effective Privacy Enhancing Technique in Mobile and Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-22 Nirupama Ravi, C. M. Krishna, Israel Koren
Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) promise significant increases in throughput and reductions in trip delay. ITS makes extensive use of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) frequently broadcasting location, speed, and intention information. However, with such extensive communication comes the risk to privacy. Preserving privacy while still exchanging vehicle state information has been recognized
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Qualitative Approaches to Voice UX ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-20 Katie Seaborn, Jacqueline Urakami, Peter Pennefather, Norihisa P. Miyake
Voice is a natural mode of expression offered by modern computer-based systems. Qualitative perspectives on voice-based user experiences (voice UX) offer rich descriptions of complex interactions that numbers alone cannot fully represent. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on qualitative approaches to voice UX, capturing the nature of this body of work in a systematic map and offering
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Applying Generative Machine Learning to Intrusion Detection: A Systematic Mapping Study and Review ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-20 James Halvorsen, Clemente Izurieta, Haipeng Cai, Assefaw H. Gebremedhin
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) are an essential element of modern cyber defense, alerting users to when and where cyber-attacks occur. Machine learning can enable IDSs to further distinguish between benign and malicious behaviors, but it comes with several challenges, including lack of quality training data and high false positive rates. Generative Machine Learning Models (GMLMs) can help overcome
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A Survey on Resilience in Information Sharing on Networks: Taxonomy and Applied Techniques ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-20 Agnaldo de Souza Batista, Aldri L. dos Santos
Information sharing is vital in any communication network environment to enable network operating services take decisions based on the information collected by several deployed computing devices. The various networks that compose cyberspace, as Internet-of-Things (IoT) ecosystems, have significantly increased the need to constantly share information, which is often subject to disturbances. In this
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Do insects have an inner life? Animal consciousness needs a rethink Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19
A declaration signed by dozens of scientists says there is “a realistic possibility” for elements of consciousness in reptiles, insects and molluscs.
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Developing transmissible vaccines for animal infections Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Daniel G. Streicker, Megan E. Griffiths, Rustom Antia, Laura Bergner, Peter Bowman, Maria Vitoria dos Santos de Moraes, Kevin Esvelt, Mike Famulare, Amy Gilbert, Biao He, Michael A. Jarvis, David A. Kennedy, Jennifer Kuzma, Carolyne Nasimiyu Wanyonyi, Christopher Remien, Tonie Rocke, Kyle Rosenke, Courtney Schreiner, Justin Sheen, David Simons, Ivet A. Yordanova, James J. Bull, Scott L. Nuismer
Many emerging and reemerging pathogens originate from wildlife, but nearly all wild species are unreachable using conventional vaccination, which requires capture of and vaccine administration to individual animals. By enabling immunization at scales sufficient to interrupt pathogen transmission, transmissible vaccines (TVs) that spread themselves through wildlife populations by infectious processes
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Earth’s sinking surface Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Robert J. Nicholls, Manoochehr Shirzaei
Subsidence, the lowering of Earth’s land surface, is a widespread and sometimes dramatic process. Potentially 19% of the global population is at high risk of being affected by this process (1). Such sinking is caused by a range of natural or anthropogenic factors, including human-induced underground fluid withdrawal, which is generally considered the most important driver. However, present understanding
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Sentinels of the airways Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Ziai Zhu, Xin Sun
The respiratory tract is essential for breathing but is also important for detecting and responding to inhaled harmful (noxious) stimuli, such as pollutants, pathogens, water, and acid. Neuroendocrine cells (NECs)—rare epithelial cells that share characteristics with neurons—are an integral component of this sensory surveillance system (1). Although NECs have been proposed to act as airway sentinels
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Reprioritizing motivations in addiction Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 E. Zayra Millan, Gavan P. McNally
Drug addictions are a leading global cause of health and economic burden, with opioids responsible for 80% of drug use–related deaths (1). Persistent drug use is accompanied by profound motivational reprioritization (2), with decision-making skewed toward drug use at the expense of other activities (3), often with little recognition of adverse consequences (4). These impacts owe, at least in part,
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Exposing belowground plant communication Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Emilio Guerrieri, Sergio Rasmann
Plants communicate through chemical signals, which convey information about environmental threats and resource availability, or even trigger defense mechanisms, allowing plants to coordinate responses and optimize their survival strategies (1). Plant communication encompasses both aboveground and belowground interactions. Aboveground, plants emit volatile organic compounds that are detected by the
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Artificial intelligence tackles the nature–nurture debate Nat. Mach. Intell. (IF 23.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Justin N. Wood
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The synergy complement control approach for seamless limb-driven prostheses Nat. Mach. Intell. (IF 23.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Johannes Kühn, Tingli Hu, Alexander Tödtheide, Edmundo Pozo Fortunić, Elisabeth Jensen, Sami Haddadin
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Living on Mars would probably suck — here's why Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19
Kelly and Zach Weinersmith talk to Nature about the hurdles facing humans living in outer space.
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Detectors deep in South Pole ice pin down elusive tau neutrino Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19
Antarctic observatory gathers the first clear evidence of mysterious subatomic particles from space.
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Dogwhistles, drilling and the roots of Western civilization: Books in brief Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19
Andrew Robinson reviews five of the best science picks.
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Australia’s Great Barrier Reef is ‘transforming’ from repeated coral bleaching Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-19
The coral reef is currently experiencing its worst mass bleaching event on record — warming waters brought on by climate change are to blame.
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Why queasiness kills hunger: brain circuit identified Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18
Feelings of hunger, nausea and fullness seem to be governed by separate brain circuits, finds a study in mice.
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Nearly half of China’s major cities are sinking — some ‘rapidly’ Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18
Tens of millions of people in the country’s coastal lands might find their homes below sea level by 2120 owing to sinking and sea-level rise.
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Daily briefing: Food is medicine Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Evidence is growing that targeted dietary interventions can treat, delay and even prevent some illnesses. Plus, an AI model helps track the spread of metastatic cancers and how climate lawsuits push governments and companies to act.
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Daily briefing: AI now beats humans at basic reading and maths Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16
Artificial intelligence systems can now nearly match — and sometimes exceed — human performance in basic tasks. Plus, NASA admits that plan to bring Mars rocks to Earth won’t work and three new species of extinct giant kangaroos discovered.
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Empowering Real-World Image Super-Resolution With Flexible Interactive Modulation IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. (IF 23.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Chong Mou, Xintao Wang, Yanze Wu, Ying Shan, Jian Zhang
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Graph Convolutional Networks With Adaptive Neighborhood Awareness IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. (IF 23.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Mingjian Guang, Chungang Yan, Yuhua Xu, Junli Wang, Changjun Jiang
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Intuitionistic Fuzzy Stochastic Configuration Networks for Solving Binary Classification Problems IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. (IF 11.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-19 Lili Guo, Jianglan Zhu, Chenglong Zhang, Shifei Ding
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Londoners see what a scientist looks like up close in 50 photographs Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18
Nature’s Where I Work images are being exhibited in the UK capital until June.
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Burnt remains of Maya royalty mark a dramatic power shift Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18
Finds in pyramid at Guatemalan site suggest that remains were disinterred and desecrated in a public ritual.
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Violent volcanoes have wracked Jupiter’s moon Io for billions of years Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18
Understanding the volcanic moon’s history could offer fresh insights into conditions on early Earth.
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Meet ‘goldene’: this gilded cousin of graphene is also one atom thick Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18
Sheets of gold might find use as catalysts, or in light-sensing devices.
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AI’s keen diagnostic eye Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-18
Powered by deep-learning algorithms, artificial intelligence systems could replace agents such as chemicals currently used to augment medical scans.
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This water bottle purifies your drink with energy from your steps Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Static electricity generated by the foot striking the ground can be captured to kill pathogens.
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Promiscuous G-protein activation by the calcium-sensing receptor Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Hao Zuo, Jinseo Park, Aurel Frangaj, Jianxiang Ye, Guanqi Lu, Jamie J. Manning, Wesley B. Asher, Zhengyuan Lu, Guo-bin Hu, Liguo Wang, Joshua Mendez, Edward Eng, Zhening Zhang, Xin Lin, Robert Grassucci, Wayne A. Hendrickson, Oliver B. Clarke, Jonathan A. Javitch, Arthur D. Conigrave, Qing R. Fan
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Control of neuronal excitation–inhibition balance by BMP–SMAD1 signalling Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Zeynep Okur, Nadia Schlauri, Vassilis Bitsikas, Myrto Panopoulou, Raul Ortiz, Michaela Schwaiger, Kajari Karmakar, Dietmar Schreiner, Peter Scheiffele
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Smoking bans are coming: what does the evidence say? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Countries are cracking down on tobacco use and vaping — the laws could save thousands of lives and billions of dollars, say scientists.
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Exploring the lung microbiome’s role in disease Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Unusual microbial communities in a person’s lower airways could influence the onset and progression of lung cancer and other conditions, and might point the way to therapies.
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Dad always mows on summer Saturday mornings Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
A clear-cut success.
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Researchers want a ‘nutrition label’ for academic-paper facts Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
An ‘at a glance’ approach to publication details, such as journal acceptance rates and the number of peer reviewers, would promote transparency, scientists say.
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We must protect the global plastics treaty from corporate interference Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
A United Nations-backed agreement to end plastic pollution is within reach — but only if scientists, civil society and businesses unite against powerful vested interests.
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Deadly diseases and inflatable suits: how I found my niche in virology research Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Virologist Hulda Jónsdóttir studies some of the world’s most pathogenic viruses at the Spiez Laboratory in Switzerland.
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Nanoparticle fix opens up tricky technique to forensic applications Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Peter J. Vikesland
A technique for measuring trace quantities of molecules in water.
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How young people benefit from Swiss apprenticeships Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Computational biologist Jitao David Zhang says that the country’s vocational training programme teaches key work and life skills.
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Coupled neural activity controls working memory in humans Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Ziv Williams
Temporarily holding on to information depends on coordinated brain waves.
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CERN’s impact goes way beyond tiny particles Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
A global effort to uncover the nature of the Universe has had resounding effects on scientists and society.
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UN plastics treaty: don’t let lobbyists drown out researchers Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Tackling plastic pollution needs scientists to be in the negotiating room at upcoming talks.
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Canadian science gets biggest boost to PhD and postdoc pay in 20 years Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Government budget includes more money for basic research and notable increases to postgraduate stipends.
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Humans and their livestock have sheltered in this Saudi Arabian cave for 10,000 years Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Saudi herders have travelled the same routes for millennia, cave discovery suggests.
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Keys, wallet, phone: the neuroscience behind working memory Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Hear the biggest stories from the world of science | 17 April 2024
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I dive for fish in the longest freshwater lake in the world Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Biologist Carolin Sommer-Trembo describes her fascination for fish and why she enjoys doing science in Switzerland.
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Bacteria deploy umbrella toxins against their competitors Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Sarah J. Coulthurst
Streptomyces bacteria make a previously unknown antibacterial agent.
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Surprise hybrid origins of a butterfly species Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Megan E. Frayer, Jenn M. Coughlan
Longwing butterfly species found to be a rare type of hybrid.
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An exploration of how the insect-wing hinge functions Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Tanvi Deora
Insights into control of the joints that connect fly wings to their body.
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AI traces mysterious metastatic cancers to their source Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Algorithm examines images of metastatic cells to identify the location of the primary tumour.
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What toilets can reveal about COVID, cancer and other health threats Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17
Wastewater testing grew tremendously during the pandemic. But is it ready to tackle the opioid crisis, air pollution and antibiotic resistance?
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The sympathetic nervous system arose in the earliest vertebrates Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-17 Uwe Ernsberger, Hermann Rohrer
Jawless vertebrate has sympathetic neurons.
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How India can become a science powerhouse Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2024-04-16
As the world’s largest election kicks off this week, India has an opportunity to reimagine science funding.
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Topology-aware Federated Learning in Edge Computing: A Comprehensive Survey ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Jiajun Wu, Fan Dong, Henry Leung, Zhuangdi Zhu, Jiayu Zhou, Steve Drew
The ultra-low latency requirements of 5G/6G applications and privacy constraints call for distributed machine learning systems to be deployed at the edge. With its simple yet effective approach, federated learning (FL) is a natural solution for massive user-owned devices in edge computing with distributed and private training data. FL methods based on FedAvg typically follow a naive star topology,
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A challenge-based survey of e-recruitment recommendation systems ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Yoosof Mashayekhi, Nan Li, Bo Kang, Jefrey Lijffijt, Tijl De Bie
E-recruitment recommendation systems recommend jobs to job seekers and job seekers to recruiters. The recommendations are generated based on the suitability of job seekers for positions and on job seekers’ and recruiters’ preferences. Therefore, e-recruitment recommendation systems may greatly impact people’s careers. Moreover, by affecting the hiring processes of the companies, e-recruitment recommendation
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Isotopic evidence of long-lived volcanism on Io Science (IF 56.9) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Katherine de Kleer, Ery C. Hughes, Francis Nimmo, John Eiler, Amy E. Hofmann, Statia Luszcz-Cook, Kathy Mandt
Jupiter’s moon Io hosts extensive volcanism, driven by tidal heating. The isotopic composition of Io’s inventory of volatile chemical elements, including sulfur and chlorine, reflects its outgassing and mass loss history, and thus records information about its evolution. We used millimeter observations of Io’s atmosphere to measure sulfur isotopes in gaseous SO 2 and SO, and chlorine isotopes in gaseous