-
In This Issue Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 13, March 2024.
-
Machine Learning in Metaverse Security: Current Solutions and Future Challenges ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-28 Yazan Otoum, Navya Gottimukkala, Neeraj Kumar, Amiya Nayak
The Metaverse, positioned as the next frontier of the internet, has the ambition to forge a virtual shared realm characterized by immersion, hyper spatiotemporal dynamics, and self-sustainability. Recent technological strides in AI, Extended Reality (XR), 6G, and blockchain propel the Metaverse closer to realization, gradually transforming it from science fiction into an imminent reality. Nevertheless
-
FairSNA: Algorithmic Fairness in Social Network Analysis ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Akrati Saxena, George Fletcher, Mykola Pechenizkiy
In recent years, designing fairness-aware methods has received much attention in various domains, including machine learning, natural language processing, and information retrieval. However, in social network analysis (SNA), designing fairness-aware methods for various research problems by considering structural bias and inequalities of large-scale social networks has not received much attention. In
-
Recovery from Adversarial Attacks in Cyber-physical Systems: Shallow, Deep and Exploratory Works ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Pengyuan Lu, Lin Zhang, Mengyu Liu, Kaustubh Sridhar, Oleg Sokolsky, Fanxin Kong, Insup Lee
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) have experienced rapid growth in recent decades. However, like any other computer-based systems, malicious attacks evolve mutually, driving CPS to undesirable physical states and potentially causing catastrophes. Although the current state-of-the-art is well aware of this issue, the majority of researchers have not focused on CPS recovery, the procedure we defined as restoring
-
How many FIDO protocols are needed? Analysing the technology, security and compliance ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Anna Angelogianni, Ilias Politis, Christos Xenakis
To overcome the security vulnerabilities caused by weak passwords, thus bridge the gap between user friendly interfaces and advanced security features, the Fast IDentity Online (FIDO) alliance defined a number of authentication protocols. The existing literature leverages all versions of the FIDO protocols, without indicating the reasons behind the choice of each individual FIDO protocol (i.e., U2F
-
Reaction amplification with a gain: Triplet exciton–mediated quantum chain using mixed crystals with a tailor-made triplet sensitizer Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Indrajit Paul, Krzysztof A. Konieczny, Roberto Chavez, Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay
Photochemical valence bond isomerization of a crystalline Dewar benzene ( DB ) diacid monoanion salt with an acetophenone-linked piperazinium cation that serves as an intramolecular triplet energy sensitizer ( DB-AcPh-Pz ) exhibits a quantum chain reaction with as many as 450 product molecules per photon absorbed (Φ ≈ 450). By contrast, isomorphous crystals of the DB diacid monosalt of an ethylbenzene-linked
-
Defining T cell receptor repertoires using nanovial-based binding and functional screening Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Doyeon Koo, Zhiyuan Mao, Robert Dimatteo, Miyako Noguchi, Natalie Tsubamoto, Jami McLaughlin, Wendy Tran, Sohyung Lee, Donghui Cheng, Joseph de Rutte, Giselle Burton Sojo, Owen N. Witte, Dino Di Carlo
The ability to selectively bind to antigenic peptides and secrete effector molecules can define rare and low-affinity populations of cells with therapeutic potential in emerging T cell receptor (TCR) immunotherapies. We leverage cavity-containing hydrogel microparticles, called nanovials, each coated with peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) monomers to isolate antigen-reactive T cells.
-
Maintenance of persistent transmission of a plant arbovirus in its insect vector mediated by the Toll-Dorsal immune pathway Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Yu-Juan He, Gang Lu, Bo-Jie Xu, Qian-Zhuo Mao, Yu-Hua Qi, Gao-Yang Jiao, Hai-Tao Weng, Yan-Zhen Tian, Hai-Jian Huang, Chuan-Xi Zhang, Jian-Ping Chen, Jun-Min Li
Throughout evolution, arboviruses have developed various strategies to counteract the host’s innate immune defenses to maintain persistent transmission. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to bacteria and fungi, the innate Toll-Dorsal immune system also plays an essential role in preventing viral infections in invertebrates. However, whether the classical Toll immune pathway is involved in
-
Structural and electronic transformations of GeSe 2 glass under high pressures studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Emin Mijit, Murat Durandurdu, João Elias F. S. Rodrigues, Angela Trapananti, S. Javad Rezvani, Angelika Dorothea Rosa, Olivier Mathon, Tetsuo Irifune, Andrea Di Cicco
Pressure-induced transformations in an archetypal chalcogenide glass (GeSe 2 ) have been investigated up to 157 GPa by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Ge and Se K-edge XAS data allowed simultaneous tracking of the correlated local structural and electronic changes at both Ge and Se sites. Thanks to the simultaneous analysis of extended X-ray absorption fine
-
Multi-axis fields boost SABRE hyperpolarization Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Jacob R. Lindale, Loren L. Smith, Mathew W. Mammen, Shannon L. Eriksson, Lucas M. Everhart, Warren S. Warren
The inherently low signal-to-noise ratio of NMR and MRI is now being addressed by hyperpolarization methods. For example, iridium-based catalysts that reversibly bind both parahydrogen and ligands in solution can hyperpolarize protons (SABRE) or heteronuclei (X-SABRE) on a wide variety of ligands, using a complex interplay of spin dynamics and chemical exchange processes, with common signal enhancements
-
Needs for a conceptual bridge between biological domestication and early food globalization Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Xinyi Liu, Martin Jones
The past 15 y has seen much development in documentation of domestication of plants and animals as gradual traditions spanning millennia. There has also been considerable momentum in understanding the dispersals of major domesticated taxa across continents spanning thousands of miles. The two processes are often considered within different theoretical strains. What is missing from our repertoire of
-
Causal functional maps of brain rhythms in working memory Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Miles Wischnewski, Taylor A. Berger, Alexander Opitz, Ivan Alekseichuk
Human working memory is a key cognitive process that engages multiple functional anatomical nodes across the brain. Despite a plethora of correlative neuroimaging evidence regarding the working memory architecture, our understanding of critical hubs causally controlling overall performance is incomplete. Causal interpretation requires cognitive testing following safe, temporal, and controllable neuromodulation
-
RCHY1 and OPTN are required for melanophagy, selective autophagy of melanosomes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Ki Won Lee, Ki-jun Ryu, Minju Kim, Seyeon Lim, Jisu Kim, Jeong Yoon Kim, Cheol Hwangbo, Jiyun Yoo, Yong-Yeon Cho, Kwang Dong Kim
Melanosomes are specific organelles dedicated to melanin synthesis and accumulation in melanocytes. Autophagy is suggestively involved in melanosome degradation, although the potential underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. In selective autophagy, autophagy receptors and E3-ligases are the key factors conferring cargo selectivity. In B16F10 cells, β-mangostin efficiently induced melanosome
-
Elasticity and rheology of auxetic granular metamaterials Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Daan Haver, Daniel Acuña, Shahram Janbaz, Edan Lerner, Gustavo Düring, Corentin Coulais
The flowing, jamming, and avalanche behavior of granular materials is satisfyingly universal and vexingly hard to tune: A granular flow is typically intermittent and will irremediably jam if too confined. Here, we show that granular metamaterials made from particles with a negative Poisson’s ratio yield more easily and flow more smoothly than ordinary granular materials. We first create a collection
-
Trimethylamine-N-oxide depletes urea in a peptide solvation shell Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Mazin Nasralla, Harrison Laurent, Oliver L. G. Alderman, Thomas F. Headen, Lorna Dougan
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and urea are metabolites that are used by some marine animals to maintain their cell volume in a saline environment. Urea is a well-known denaturant, and TMAO is a protective osmolyte that counteracts urea-induced protein denaturation. TMAO also has a general protein-protective effect, for example, it counters pressure-induced protein denaturation in deep-sea fish. These
-
From conventional to programmable matter systems: A review of design, materials, and technologies ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Ahmed Amine Chafik, Jaafar Gaber, Souad Tayane, Mohamed Ennaji, Julien Bourgeois, Tarek El-Ghazawi
Programmable matter represents a system of elements whose interactions can be programmed for a certain behavior to emerge (e.g. color, shape) upon suitable commands (e.g., instruction, stimuli) by altering its physical characteristics. Even though its appellation may refer to a morphable physical material, programmable matter has been represented through several approaches from different perspectives
-
Identifying Authorship in Malicious Binaries: Features, Challenges & Datasets ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Jason Gray, Daniele Sgandurra, Lorenzo Cavallaro, Jorge Blasco
Attributing a piece of malware to its creator typically requires threat intelligence. Binary attribution increases the level of difficulty as it mostly relies upon the ability to disassemble binaries to obtain authorship-related features. We perform a systematic analysis of works in the area of malware authorship attribution. We identify key findings, some shortcomings of current approaches and explore
-
Zero-shot stance detection based on multi-perspective transferable feature fusion Inform. Fusion (IF 18.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Xuechen Zhao, Jiaying Zou, Jinfeng Miao, Lei Tian, Liqun Gao, Bin Zhou, Shengnan Pang
Zero-shot stance detection involves predicting stances that have not previously been encountered by adapting models to learn transferable features by aligning the source and destination target spaces. The acquisition of transferable target-invariant features is crucial for zero-shot stance detection. This work proposes a stance detection technique that can effectively adapt to new unseen targets, and
-
PODB: A learning-based polarimetric object detection benchmark for road scenes in adverse weather conditions Inform. Fusion (IF 18.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Zhen Zhu, Xiaobo Li, Jingsheng Zhai, Haofeng Hu
Due to its insensitivity to light intensity and the capability to capture multidimensional information, polarimetric imaging technology has been proven to have advantages over traditional intensity-based imaging techniques for object detection tasks in adverse environmental conditions, particularly in road traffic scenarios. Recently, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology
-
IMPORTANT-Net: Integrated MRI multi-parametric increment fusion generator with attention network for synthesizing absent data Inform. Fusion (IF 18.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Tianyu Zhang, Tao Tan, Luyi Han, Xin Wang, Yuan Gao, Jarek van Dijk, Antonio Portaluri, Abel Gonzalez-Huete, Anna D’Angelo, Chunyao Lu, Jonas Teuwen, Regina Beets-Tan, Yue Sun, Ritse Mann
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is highly sensitive for lesion detection. Sequences obtained with different settings can capture specific characteristics of lesions. Such multi-parametric MRI information has been shown to aid radiologist performance in lesion classification, as well as improving the performance of artificial intelligence models in various tasks. However, obtaining multi-parametric
-
A Survey on Evolutionary Computation Based Drug Discovery IEEE T. Evolut. Comput. (IF 14.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Qiyuan Yu, Qiuzhen Lin, Junkai Ji, Wei Zhou, Shan He, Zexuan Zhu, Kay Chen Tan
-
Phosphocholine-induced energy source shift alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction in lung cells caused by geospecific PM 2.5 components Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Yuanyuan Song, Yanhao Zhang, Lin Zhu, Yanyan Chen, Yi-Jie Chen, Zhitong Zhu, Jieqing Feng, Zenghua Qi, Jian Zhen Yu, Zhu Yang, Zongwei Cai
Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is globally recognized for its adverse implications on human health. Yet, remain limited the individual contribution of particular PM 2.5 components to its toxicity, especially considering regional disparities. Moreover, prevention solutions for PM 2.5 -associated health effects are scarce. In the present study, we comprehensively characterized and compared the primary
-
Utilizing developmental dynamics for evolutionary prediction and control Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Lisandro Milocco, Tobias Uller
Understanding, predicting, and controlling the phenotypic consequences of genetic and environmental change is essential to many areas of fundamental and applied biology. In evolutionary biology, the generative process of development is a major source of organismal evolvability that constrains or facilitates adaptive change by shaping the distribution of phenotypic variation that selection can act upon
-
Normalizing granuloma vasculature and matrix improves drug delivery and reduces bacterial burden in tuberculosis-infected rabbits Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Meenal Datta, Laura E. Via, Véronique Dartois, Danielle M. Weiner, Matthew Zimmerman, Firat Kaya, April M. Walker, Joel D. Fleegle, Isaac D. Raplee, Colton McNinch, Maksym Zarodniuk, Walid S. Kamoun, Changli Yue, Ashwin S. Kumar, Sonu Subudhi, Lei Xu, Clifton E. Barry, Rakesh K. Jain
Host-directed therapies (HDTs) represent an emerging approach for bacterial clearance during tuberculosis (TB) infection. While most HDTs are designed and implemented for immuno-modulation, other host targets—such as nonimmune stromal components found in pulmonary granulomas—may prove equally viable. Building on our previous work characterizing and normalizing the aberrant granuloma-associated vasculature
-
Costs of being a diet generalist for the protist predator Dictyostelium discoideum Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 P. M. Shreenidhi, Debra A. Brock, Rachel I. McCabe, Joan E. Strassmann, David C. Queller
Consumers range from specialists that feed on few resources to generalists that feed on many. Generalism has the clear advantage of having more resources to exploit, but the costs that limit generalism are less clear. We explore two understudied costs of generalism in a generalist amoeba predator, Dictyostelium discoideum , feeding on naturally co-occurring bacterial prey. Both involve costs of combining
-
Innate-like T cell subset commitment in the murine thymus is independent of TCR characteristics and occurs during proliferation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Vadim K. Karnaukhov, Anne-Laure Le Gac, Linda Bilonda Mutala, Aurélie Darbois, Laetitia Perrin, Francois Legoux, Aleksandra M. Walczak, Thierry Mora, Olivier Lantz
How T-cell receptor (TCR) characteristics determine subset commitment during T-cell development is still unclear. Here, we addressed this question for innate-like T cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. MAIT and iNKT cells have similar developmental paths, leading in mice to two effector subsets, cytotoxic (MAIT1/iNKT1) and IL17-secreting (MAIT17/iNKT17)
-
Key language markers of depression on social media depend on race Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Sunny Rai, Elizabeth C. Stade, Salvatore Giorgi, Ashley Francisco, Lyle H. Ungar, Brenda Curtis, Sharath C. Guntuku
Depression has robust natural language correlates and can increasingly be measured in language using predictive models. However, despite evidence that language use varies as a function of individual demographic features (e.g., age, gender), previous work has not systematically examined whether and how depression’s association with language varies by race. We examine how race moderates the relationship
-
Distilling dynamical knowledge from stochastic reaction networks Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Chuanbo Liu, Jin Wang
Stochastic reaction networks are widely used in the modeling of stochastic systems across diverse domains such as biology, chemistry, physics, and ecology. However, the comprehension of the dynamic behaviors inherent in stochastic reaction networks is a formidable undertaking, primarily due to the exponential growth in the number of possible states or trajectories as the state space dimension increases
-
Autophagy maintains endosperm quality during seed storage to preserve germination ability in Arabidopsis Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Daiki Shinozaki, Erina Takayama, Naoto Kawakami, Kohki Yoshimoto
To preserve germination ability, plant seeds must be protected from environmental stresses during the storage period. Here, we demonstrate that autophagy, an intracellular degradation system, maintains seed germination ability in Arabidopsis thaliana . The germination ability of long-term (>5 years) stored dry seeds of autophagy-defective ( atg ) mutant and wild-type (WT) plants was compared. Long-term
-
Signal integration in chemoreceptor complexes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Moriah Koler, John S. Parkinson, Ady Vaknin
Motile bacteria use large receptor arrays to detect chemical and physical stimuli in their environment, process this complex information, and accordingly bias their swimming in a direction they deem favorable. The chemoreceptor molecules form tripod-like trimers of receptor dimers through direct contacts between their cytoplasmic tips. A pair of trimers, together with a dedicated kinase enzyme, form
-
Feedforward and feedback mechanisms cooperatively regulate rapid experience-dependent response adaptation in a single thermosensory neuron type Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Tyler J. Hill, Piali Sengupta
Sensory adaptation allows neurons to adjust their sensitivity and responses based on recent experience. The mechanisms that mediate continuous adaptation to stimulus history over seconds- to hours-long timescales, and whether these mechanisms can operate within a single sensory neuron type, are unclear. The single pair of AFD thermosensory neurons in Caenorhabditis elegans exhibits experience-dependent
-
Automating the analysis of facial emotion expression dynamics: A computational framework and application in psychotic disorders Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Nathan T. Hall, Michael N. Hallquist, Elizabeth A. Martin, Wenxuan Lian, Katherine G. Jonas, Roman Kotov
Facial emotion expressions play a central role in interpersonal interactions; these displays are used to predict and influence the behavior of others. Despite their importance, quantifying and analyzing the dynamics of brief facial emotion expressions remains an understudied methodological challenge. Here, we present a method that leverages machine learning and network modeling to assess the dynamics
-
Neofunctionalization of an OMT cluster dominates polymethoxyflavone biosynthesis associated with the domestication of citrus Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Zhaoxin Peng, Lizhi Song, Minghua Chen, Zeyang Liu, Ziyu Yuan, Huan Wen, Haipeng Zhang, Yue Huang, Zhaowen Peng, Hongbin Yang, Gu Li, Huixian Zhang, Zhehui Hu, Wenyun Li, Xia Wang, Robert M. Larkin, Xiuxin Deng, Qiang Xu, Jiajing Chen, Juan Xu
Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are a class of abundant specialized metabolites with remarkable anticancer properties in citrus. Multiple methoxy groups in PMFs are derived from methylation modification catalyzed by a series of hydroxylases and O -methyltransferases (OMTs). However, the specific OMTs that catalyze the systematic O -methylation of hydroxyflavones remain largely unknown. Here, we report that
-
Structural and mechanistic basis of the central energy-converting methyltransferase complex of methanogenesis Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Iram Aziz, Kanwal Kayastha, Susann Kaltwasser, Janet Vonck, Sonja Welsch, Bonnie J. Murphy, Jörg Kahnt, Di Wu, Tristan Wagner, Seigo Shima, Ulrich Ermler
Methanogenic archaea inhabiting anaerobic environments play a crucial role in the global biogeochemical material cycle. The most universal electrogenic reaction of their methane-producing energy metabolism is catalyzed by N 5 -methyl-tetrahydromethanopterin: coenzyme M methyltransferase (MtrABCDEFGH), which couples the vectorial Na + transport with a methyl transfer between the one-carbon carriers
-
Deep Reinforcement Learning Assisted Genetic Programming Ensemble Hyper-Heuristics for Dynamic Scheduling of Container Port Trucks IEEE T. Evolut. Comput. (IF 14.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Xinan Chen, Ruibin Bai, Rong Qu, Jing Dong, Yaochu Jin
-
Multi-Agent Swarm Optimization With Adaptive Internal and External Learning for Complex Consensus-Based Distributed Optimization IEEE T. Evolut. Comput. (IF 14.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Tai-You Chen, Wei-Neng Chen, Feng-Feng Wei, Xiao-Min Hu, Jun Zhang
-
Multiple forces facilitate the aquatic acrobatics of grasshopper and bioinspired robot Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Yi Song, Huan Wang, Zhendong Dai, Aihong Ji, Huaping Wu, Stanislav N. Gorb
Aquatic locomotion is challenging for land-dwelling creatures because of the high degree of fluidity with which the water yields to loads. We surprisingly found that the Chinese rice grasshopper Oxya chinensis , known for its terrestrial acrobatics, could swiftly launch itself off the water’s surface in around 25 ms and seamlessly transition into flight. Biological observations showed that jumping
-
Hydroclimatic changes on multiple timescales since 7800 y BP in the winter precipitation–dominated Central Asia Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Liangcheng Tan, Hai Cheng, Dong Li, Rustam Orozbaev, Yanzhen Li, Hai Xu, R. Lawrence Edwards, Yougui Song, Le Ma, Fangyuan Lin, Ashish Sinha, Zhisheng An
Central Asia (CA) is one of the world’s most significant arid regions, which is markedly impacted by global warming. A better understanding of the dynamical processes governing its Holocene climate variability is critical for a better understanding of possible future impacts of climate change in the region. To date, most of the existing CA paleoclimate records are from the summer precipitation–dominated
-
Improved RNA stability estimation through Bayesian modeling reveals most Salmonella transcripts have subminute half-lives Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Laura Jenniches, Charlotte Michaux, Linda Popella, Sarah Reichardt, Jörg Vogel, Alexander J. Westermann, Lars Barquist
RNA decay is a crucial mechanism for regulating gene expression in response to environmental stresses. In bacteria, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are known to be involved in posttranscriptional regulation, but their global impact on RNA half-lives has not been extensively studied. To shed light on the role of the major RBPs ProQ and CspC/E in maintaining RNA stability, we performed RNA sequencing of
-
Elimination of virus-like particles reduces protein aggregation and extends replicative lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 K. L. Schneider, X. Hao, K. S. Keuenhof, L. L. Berglund, A. Fischbach, D. Ahmadpour, S. Chawla, P. Gómez, J. L. Höög, P. O. Widlund, T. Nyström
A major consequence of aging and stress, in yeast to humans, is an increased accumulation of protein aggregates at distinct sites within the cells. Using genetic screens, immunoelectron microscopy, and three-dimensional modeling in our efforts to elucidate the importance of aggregate annexation, we found that most aggregates in yeast accumulate near the surface of mitochondria. Further, we show that
-
Highly efficient electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction by a Cr III quaterpyridine complex Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Jia-Wei Wang, Zhi-Mei Luo, Guangjun Yang, Marcos Gil-Sepulcre, Stephan Kupfer, Olaf Rüdiger, Gangfeng Ouyang
Design tactics and mechanistic studies both remain as fundamental challenges during the exploitations of earth-abundant molecular electrocatalysts for CO 2 reduction, especially for the rarely studied Cr-based ones. Herein, a quaterpyridyl Cr III catalyst is found to be highly active for CO 2 electroreduction to CO with 99.8% Faradaic efficiency in DMF/phenol medium. A nearly one order of magnitude
-
A Late Pleistocene coastal ecosystem in French Guiana was hyperdiverse relative to today Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Linde N. Wieringa, Sylvain Adnet, Orangel Aguilera, Stéphanie C. Bodin, Stephen Cairns, Carlos A. Conejeros-Vargas, Jean-Jacques Cornée, Žilvinas Ežerinskis, Jan Fietzke, Natacha O. Gribenski, Sandrine Grouard, Austin Hendy, Carina Hoorn, Renaud Joannes-Boyau, Martin R. Langer, Javier Luque, Laurent Marivaux, Pierre Moissette, Kees Nooren, Frédéric Quillévéré, Justina Šapolaitė
Warmer temperatures and higher sea level than today characterized the Last Interglacial interval [Pleistocene, 128 to 116 thousand years ago (ka)]. This period is a remarkable deep-time analog for temperature and sea-level conditions as projected for 2100 AD, yet there has been no evidence of fossil assemblages in the equatorial Atlantic. Here, we report foraminifer, metazoan (mollusks, bony fish,
-
Supramolecular coordination platinum metallacycle–based multilevel wound dressing for bacteria sensing and wound healing Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Wen-Zhen Li, Xiao-Qiang Wang, Ling-Ran Liu, Ju Xiao, Xin-Qiong Wang, Yu-Yuan Ye, Zi-Xin Wang, Mai-Yong Zhu, Yao Sun, Peter J. Stang, Yan Sun
The exploitation of novel wound healing methods with real-time infection sensing and high spatiotemporal precision is highly important for human health. Pt-based metal-organic cycles/cages (MOCs) have been employed as multifunctional antibacterial agents due to their superior Pt-related therapeutic efficiency, various functional subunits and specific geometries. However, how to rationally apply these
-
Pathogen prospecting of museums: Reconstructing malaria epidemiology Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Mark P. Nelder, Rachel Schats, Hendrik N. Poinar, Amanda Cooke, Megan B. Brickley
Malaria is a disease of global significance. Ongoing changes to the earth’s climate, antimalarial resistance, insecticide resistance, and socioeconomic decline test the resilience of malaria prevention programs. Museum insect specimens present an untapped resource for studying vector-borne pathogens, spurring the question: Do historical mosquito collections contain Plasmodium DNA, and, if so, can museum
-
Dynamic imaging of force chains in 3D granular media Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Wei Li, Ruben Juanes
Granular media constitute the most abundant form of solid matter on Earth and beyond. When external forces are applied to a granular medium, the forces are transmitted through it via chains of contacts among grains—force chains. Understanding the spatial structure and temporal evolution of force chains constitutes a fundamental goal of granular mechanics. Here, we introduce an experimental technique
-
Arctic amplification–induced decline in West and South Asia dust warrants stronger antidesertification toward carbon neutrality Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Fan Wang, Yangyang Xu, Piyushkumar N. Patel, Ritesh Gautam, Meng Gao, Cheng Liu, Yihui Ding, Haishan Chen, Yuanjian Yang, Yuyu Zhou, Gregory R. Carmichael, Michael B. McElroy
Dust loading in West and South Asia has been a major environmental issue due to its negative effects on air quality, food security, energy supply and public health, as well as on regional and global weather and climate. Yet a robust understanding of its recent changes and future projection remains unclear. On the basis of several high-quality remote sensing products, we detect a consistently decreasing
-
Subcallosal cingulate deep brain stimulation evokes two distinct cortical responses via differential white matter activation Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Andreas Seas, M. Sohail Noor, Ki Sueng Choi, Ashan Veerakumar, Mosadoluwa Obatusin, Jacob Dahill-Fuchel, Vineet Tiruvadi, Elisa Xu, Patricio Riva-Posse, Christopher J. Rozell, Helen S. Mayberg, Cameron C. McIntyre, Allison C. Waters, Bryan Howell
Subcallosal cingulate (SCC) deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging therapy for refractory depression. Good clinical outcomes are associated with the activation of white matter adjacent to the SCC. This activation produces a signature cortical evoked potential (EP), but it is unclear which of the many pathways in the vicinity of SCC is responsible for driving this response. Individualized biophysical
-
The electrochemistry of stable sulfur isotopes versus lithium Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Xue-Ting Li, Yao Zhao, Yu-Hui Zhu, Wen-Peng Wang, Ying Zhang, Fuyi Wang, Yu-Guo Guo, Sen Xin, Chunli Bai
Sulfur in nature consists of two abundant stable isotopes, with two more neutrons in the heavy one ( 34 S) than in the light one ( 32 S). The two isotopes show similar physicochemical properties and are usually considered an integral system for chemical research in various fields. In this work, a model study based on a Li–S battery was performed to reveal the variation between the electrochemical properties
-
Intelligent electroactive material systems with self-adaptive mechanical memory and sequential logic Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Charles El Helou, Lance P. Hyatt, Philip R. Buskohl, Ryan L. Harne
By synthesizing the requisite functionalities of intelligence in an integrated material system, it may become possible to animate otherwise inanimate matter. A significant challenge in this vision is to continually sense, process, and memorize information in a decentralized way. Here, we introduce an approach that enables all such functionalities in a soft mechanical material system. By integrating
-
Capacity of the U.S. federal system for cultural heritage to meet challenges of climate change Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Marcy Rockman
The U.S. federal government is unbalanced in its capacity to recognize, manage, and engage cultural heritage as part of its response to climate change. Legislation from the 1906 Antiquities Act to Executive Order (EO) 13990 signed in 2021 has set an overarching approach in which heritage is understood to be primarily tangible places and things that should be conserved, foremost through monument and
-
Ligand-induced protein transition state stabilization switches the binding pathway from conformational selection to induced fit Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Olof Stenström, Carl Diehl, Kristofer Modig, Mikael Akke
Protein–ligand complex formation is fundamental to biological function. A central question is whether proteins spontaneously adopt binding-competent conformations to which ligands bind conformational selection (CS) or whether ligands induce the binding-competent conformation induced fit (IF). Here, we resolve the CS and IF binding pathways by characterizing protein conformational dynamics over a wide
-
Climate sustainability through a dynamic duo: Green hydrogen and crypto driving energy transition and decarbonization Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Apoorv Lal, Fengqi You
Climate change persists as a pressing global issue due to high greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel–based energy sources. A transition to a greener energy matrix combined with carbon offsetting is imperative to mitigate the rate at which global temperature ascends. While countries have deployed faith in green hydrogen to accelerate worldwide decarbonization efforts, the concurrent rise of blockchain-operated
-
Biodiversity and productivity in eastern US forests Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Yunpeng Liu, J. Aaron Hogan, Jeremy W. Lichstein, Robert P. Guralnick, Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis, Samuel M. Scheiner
Despite experimental and observational studies demonstrating that biodiversity enhances primary productivity, the best metric for predicting productivity at broad geographic extents—functional trait diversity, phylogenetic diversity, or species richness—remains unknown. Using >1.8 million tree measurements from across eastern US forests, we quantified relationships among functional trait diversity
-
Semantic data integration and querying: a survey and challenges ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Maroua Masmoudi, Sana Ben Abdallah Ben Lamine, Mohamed Hedi Karray, Bernard Archimede, Hajer Baazaoui Zghal
Digital revolution produces massive, heterogeneous and isolated data. These latter remain underutilized, unsuitable for integrated querying and knowledge discovering. Hence the importance of this survey on data integration which identifies challenging issues and trends. First, an overview of the different generations and basics of data integration is given. Then, semantic data integration is focused
-
Privacy-preserving data integration and sharing in multi-party IoT environments: An entity embedding perspective Inform. Fusion (IF 18.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-24 Junyu Lu, Henry Leung, Nan Xie
The increasing prevalence of IoT applications highlights the urgency for insightful data fusion and information acquisition, boosting data integration and sharing needs. However, challenges arise in multi-party data sharing due to inherent data heterogeneity and privacy concerns. To address these issues, this paper discusses the feasibility of using embedding vectors as the semantic representation
-
Transformer-based self-supervised image super-resolution method for Rotating Synthetic Aperture system via multi-temporal fusion Inform. Fusion (IF 18.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-24 Yu Sun, Xiyang Zhi, Shikai Jiang, Guanghua Fan, Tianjun Shi, Xu Yan
Rotating Synthetic Aperture (RSA) technology is one of the distinctly advantageous Earth geostationary orbit optical remote sensing technologies. However, the continuous rotation of the RSA system’s rectangular primary mirror results in a discernible drop in resolution along the shorter side of the mirror. Additionally, the captured images exhibit periodic and time-varying characteristics. To improve
-
Transformer-based multimodal change detection with multitask consistency constraints Inform. Fusion (IF 18.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-24 Biyuan Liu, Huaixin Chen, Kun Li, Michael Ying Yang
-
The J bs-5YP peptide can alleviate dementia in senile mice by restoring the transcription of Slc40a1 to secrete the excessive iron from brain J. Adv. Res. (IF 10.7) Pub Date : 2024-03-23 Zhenyou Zou, Fengyao Wu, Liguan Chen, Hua Yao, Zengxian Wang, Yongfeng Chen, Ming Qi, Yang Jiang, Longhua Tang, Xinying Gan, Lingjia Kong, Zhicheng Yang, Xiaolan Huang, Wei Shu, Bixue Li, Xinyu Tan, Liwen Huang, Shi Bai, Lijuan Wu, Jinping Mo, Huilin Hu, Huihua Liu, Ruyi Zou, Yuhua Wei
-
A Survey on the Densest Subgraph Problem and Its Variants ACM Comput. Surv. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Tommaso Lanciano, Atsushi Miyauchi, Adriano Fazzone, Francesco Bonchi
The Densest Subgraph Problem requires to find, in a given graph, a subset of vertices whose induced subgraph maximizes a measure of density. The problem has received a great deal of attention in the algorithmic literature over the last five decades, with many variants proposed and many applications built on top of this basic definition. Recent years have witnessed a revival of research interest in
-
A comprehensive survey of research towards AI-enabled unmanned aerial systems in pre-, active-, and post-wildfire management Inform. Fusion (IF 18.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-22 Sayed Pedram Haeri Boroujeni, Abolfazl Razi, Sahand Khoshdel, Fatemeh Afghah, Janice L. Coen, Leo O’Neill, Peter Fule, Adam Watts, Nick-Marios T. Kokolakis, Kyriakos G. Vamvoudakis