Photocatalytic nanomaterials of rare earth metal modified graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) were successfully prepared using a simple hydrothermal ion exchange method. As a high activity photocatalyst, the hydrogen evolution amount of the samarium(III) oxide@nickel sulfide-graphitic carbon nitride (Sm₂O₃@Ni₇S₆/g-C₃N₄) catalyst is nearly 3 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ after visible light irradiation for 3 h, which was much more than the amount obtained using the Ni₇S₆/g-C₃N₄ catalyst. The characteristics of Sm₂O₃@Ni₇S₆/g-C₃N₄ were determined using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), fluorescence spectra and so on. The results showed that the deposited Sm₂O₃@Ni₇S₆ was uniformly dispersed on the g-C₃N₄ sheet, and the Sm₂O₃@Ni₇S₆ was used as a cocatalyst to improve the electron transfer rate and hydrogen production rate, and reduce the compound rate of electrons and holes in the composite material. There was a strong synergy between Sm₂O₃@Ni₇S₆ and g-C₃N₄, which improved the photocatalytic performance. The UV-vis spectra showed that the absorption range of Sm₂O₃@Ni₇S₆/g-C₃N₄ was enlarged, and the forbidden band width was smaller. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller results showed that Sm₂O₃@Ni₇S₆/g-C₃N₄ had a greater specific surface area and pore volume, which were beneficial for the adsorption of dye molecules and enhanced the photocatalytic activity. Therefore, rare earth metal samarium oxides might be a potential cocatalyst for the design of a new photocatalyst in the photocatalysis field.

中文翻译：

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稀土元素Sm改性石墨相氮化碳异质结构用于光催化制氢

采用简单的水热离子交换法成功地制备了稀土金属改性石墨碳氮化物（gC ₃ N ₄）的光催化纳米材料。作为具有高活性的光催化剂，该钐的氢生成量（III），氧化镍@硫化物系石墨氮化碳（SM ₂ ö ₃ @Ni ₇ š ₆ / GC ₃ Ñ ₄）催化剂是近3毫摩尔克^-1 ħ ^-可见光辐照3 h后返回图^{1中的结果}，这远大于使用Ni ₇ S ₆ / gC ₃ N ₄获得的量催化剂。使用扫描电子显微镜，透射电子显微镜，X射线衍射，X射线光电子能谱，紫外可见光谱（UV-vis），荧光来确定Sm ₂ O ₃ @Ni ₇ S ₆ / gC ₃ N ₄的特性。光谱等。结果表明，沉积的Sm ₂ O ₃ @Ni ₇ S ₆均匀地分散在gC ₃ N ₄板上，而Sm ₂ O ₃ @Ni ₇ S ₆均匀地分散在gC ₃ N ₄板上。用作助催化剂可提高复合材料中的电子传输速率和产氢速率，并降低电子与空穴的复合速率。Sm ₂ O ₃ @Ni ₇ S ₆与gC ₃ N ₄之间具有很强的协同作用，从而提高了光催化性能。紫外可见光谱表明，Sm ₂ O ₃ @Ni ₇ S ₆ / gC ₃ N ₄的吸收范围扩大，禁带宽度减小。Brunauer–Emmett–Teller结果表明，Sm ₂ O ₃ @Ni ₇S ₆ / gC ₃ N ₄具有较大的比表面积和孔体积，有利于染料分子的吸附并增强了光催化活性。因此，稀土金属sa氧化物可能是光催化领域中新型光催化剂设计的潜在助催化剂。