Metal organic framework materials (MOFs) offer a unique opportunity for investigating active sites that have either previously not been studied from a catalytic standpoint or have only been evaluated as homogeneous catalysts. One of the common themes in MOF research is a metal site endowed with labile ligands that can be eliminated to create a coordinatively unsaturated site, referred to as an open-metal site. Despite the ubiquitous nature of these sites, relationships between their atomic-level structure and catalytic properties are just beginning to emerge. This review summarizes the structure, characterization, and catalytic properties of three prototypical MOFs with open-metal sites (MIL-100/101, Cu-BTC, and UiO-66), with the goal of better identifying open questions in the MOF catalysis literature. Structure–catalytic property relationships for these three MOFs are discussed, with an emphasis on the effect of metal oxidation state, site proximity, defect density, and ligand functionalization on catalytic rates and selectivities.

中文翻译：

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金属有机骨架中开放金属位点的结构，表征和催化性能

金属有机骨架材料（MOF）为研究活性位点提供了独特的机会，这些活性位点以前从未从催化的角度进行过研究，或者仅被评估为均相催化剂。MOF研究中的常见主题之一是具有不稳定配体的金属位点，可以将其消除以形成配位不饱和位点，称为开放金属位点。尽管这些位点无处不在，但它们的原子级结构与催化性能之间的关系才刚刚开始出现。这篇综述总结了三种具有开放金属位点的原型MOF（MIL-100 / 101，Cu-BTC和UiO-66）的结构，表征和催化性能，目的是更好地识别MOF催化文献中的开放性问题。