In this study, inverse opal TiO_2‐x photonic crystals (IO‐TiO_2‐x) have been successfully synthesized by a two‐step calcination. The whole synthesis is safe and feasible. Additionly, the reduction degree and the structure of IO‐TiO_2‐x can be precisely controlled. A series of IO‐TiO_2‐x samples with different reduction degree were prepared and characterized. The TEM images show that the obtained samples possess a 3D‐ordered macroporous inverse opal structure. The reduced Ti atoms/oxygen vacancies were confirmed by Raman and XPS spectroscopy. All IO‐TiO_2‐x samples showed better photoelectric properties than those of common TiO₂ which indicates their great potential to be applied to photoelectric fields. The improvement of photoelectric properties is attributed to the efficient electron‐hole separation efficiency induced by moderately reduced Ti atoms/oxygen vacancies. Meanwhile, the 3D‐ordered macroporous inverse opal structure and the band gap are regulated to “capture” more solar energy. This new approach is proven to be a meaningful method to synthesize high‐performance TiO₂ materials.

中文翻译：

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反蛋白石TiO 2 x光子晶体的可控合成及其光电性能

在这项研究中，通过两步煅烧成功地合成了反蛋白石TiO _{2 x}光子晶体（IO-TiO _{2 x}）。整个合成是安全可行的。此外，还可以精确控制IO‐TiO ₂ ‐ _x的还原度和结构。制备并表征了一系列不同还原度的IO-TiO ₂ - _x样品。TEM图像显示获得的样品具有3D顺序的大孔反蛋白石结构。通过拉曼光谱和XPS光谱确认了减少的Ti原子/氧空位。所有IO‐TiO ₂ ‐ _x样品均显示出比普通TiO ₂更好的光电性能这表明了它们在光电领域中的巨大潜力。光电性能的改善归因于适度降低的Ti原子/氧空位所引起的有效的电子-空穴分离效率。同时，对3D顺序的大孔反蛋白石结构和带隙进行了调节，以“捕获”更多的太阳能。事实证明，这种新方法是合成高性能TiO ₂材料的一种有意义的方法。