The Office for Building Engineering of the City of Zurich plans the construction of a cloakroom and club building. The building and the floodlights of the surrounding soccer fields use electricity mainly in the evening. That is why the installation of a photovoltaic (PV) system in combination with a battery storage system is evaluated in the pre‐project phase. The environmental footprint of the PV system with multi‐crystalline silicon modules and of current, future, and second‐life lithium‐ion batteries is quantified within the life cycle assessment of the building. The self‐consumption share of PV electricity increases from 31% to 62% if a 60 kWp PV system is complemented by a 100 kWh battery storage. The complementary grid electricity mix strongly influences the environmental impacts of electricity consumed by the cloakroom and club building. The installation of a PV system and a battery storage leads to a 10% to 17% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared with the full coverage of the electricity demand by the average Swiss supply mix. The addition of a current battery system does not yield any further reduction compared with the “PV only” option. With the renewable electricity mix of the City of Zurich, the installation of a PV system and a battery storage leads to higher environmental impacts of the electricity consumed by the cloakroom and club building, irrespective of the type of battery used. A future increase in energy density, production optimisations, and second‐life batteries bear a significant potential to reduce the environmental impacts of battery storage systems.

中文翻译：

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苏黎世衣帽间和俱乐部建筑的光伏电池系统的生命周期评估

苏黎世市建筑工程办公室计划建造一个衣帽间和俱乐部大楼。建筑物和周围足球场的泛光灯主要在晚上用电。这就是为什么在项目前阶段要评估将光伏（PV）系统与电池存储系统结合使用的原因。在建筑物的生命周期评估中，可以量化具有多晶硅模块的光伏系统以及当前，未来和第二寿命锂离子电池的环境足迹。如果将60 kWp的光伏系统与100 kWh的电池储能相辅相成，则光伏电力的自耗份额将从31％增加到62％。互补的电网电力组合强烈影响衣帽间和俱乐部建筑消耗的电力对环境的影响。与瑞士的平均电力供应结构完全覆盖电力需求相比，安装光伏系统和电池储藏室可使温室气体排放量减少10％至17％。与“仅PV”选项相比，添加当前的电池系统不会产生任何进一步的减少。借助苏黎世市的可再生电力组合，无论使用哪种电池，安装光伏系统和电池储藏室都会给衣帽间和俱乐部大楼消耗的电力带来更大的环境影响。未来能量密度的提高，生产的优化以及第二次使用的电池在减少电池存储系统对环境的影响方面具有巨大的潜力。