In this review, a general introduction to biological oxidants (focusing on reactive oxygen species, ROS) and the biomedical rationale behind the development of materials capable of responding to ROS is provided. The state of the art for preparative aspects and mechanistic responses of the most commonly used macromolecular ROS‐responsive systems, including polysulfides, polyselenides, polythioketals, polyoxalates, and also oligoproline‐ and catechol‐based materials, is subsequently given. The endowment of multiple responsiveness, with specific emphasis on the cases where a molecular logic gate behavior can be obtained, is focused on. Finally, fundamental open issues, which include implications of the “drug”‐like character of ROS‐responsive materials (inherent anti‐inflammatory behavior) and the poor quantitative understanding of ROS roles in biology, are discussed.

中文翻译：

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氧化反应性材料：生物学原理，最新技术，多重反应性和未解决的问题

在这篇综述中，提供了对生物氧化剂的一般介绍（侧重于活性氧种类，ROS）以及开发能够对ROS做出反应的材料背后的生物医学原理。随后给出了最常用的大分子ROS响应系统的制备方面和机理响应的最新信息，包括多硫化物，聚硒化物，聚硫缩酮，聚草酸酯，以及基于脯氨酸和邻苯二酚的材料。多重响应能力的赋予，尤其着重于可以获得分子逻辑门行为的情况。最后，根本性的未决问题，