Asymmetric nanoparticles such as nanobowls have promising potential in many fields due to their interior asymmetric cavities and specific concave structure. However, the fabrication of nanobowls and control over their openings and interior holes are still challenging. Herein we demonstrate a versatile strategy for preparing nanobowls with precisely controlled openings and interior holes based on the synergy of hydrogen bonding and π–π interaction of homopolymers. We designed and synthesized a series of amphiphilic homopolymers with an amino alcohol moiety and azobenzene pendant (poly(2-hydroxy-3-((4-(phenyldiazenyl)phenyl)amino)propyl methacrylate) (PHAzoMA)). The homopolymers can self-assemble into nanobowls due to the heterogeneous shrinkage of the preformed spheres. Upon increasing the molecular weight of the homopolymers from 10.1 to 76.9 kg mol⁻¹, the sizes of the openings of nanobowls can be precisely controlled from 242 to 423 nm with a linear relationship as a result of the enhancement of the hydrogen bonding and π–π interaction between homopolymer chains. Overall, we have prepared finely controlled nanobowls by the synergy of non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding and π–π interaction of polymers, which opens a new avenue for the preparation of asymmetric nanoparticles.

中文翻译：

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由氢键和 π-π 相互作用的协同作用驱动的具有受控开口和内孔的纳米碗†

诸如纳米碗之类的不对称纳米粒子由于其内部不对称空腔和特定的凹结构而在许多领域具有广阔的前景。然而，纳米碗的制造及其开口和内孔的控制仍然具有挑战性。在此，我们展示了一种基于均聚物氢键和 π-π 相互作用的协同作用来制备具有精确控制开口和内孔的纳米碗的通用策略。我们设计并合成了一系列具有氨基醇部分和偶氮苯侧链的两亲均聚物（聚（2-羟基-3-（（4-（苯基二氮烯基）苯基）氨基）甲基丙烯酸丙酯）（PHAzoMA））。由于预成型球体的不均匀收缩，均聚物可以自组装成纳米碗。当均聚物的分子量从10.1增加到76.9 kg mol ^-1时，由于氢键和π-的增强，纳米碗的开口尺寸可以在242至423 nm之间精确控制，并呈线性关系。均聚物链之间的π相互作用。总体而言，我们通过聚合物的氢键和π-π相互作用等非共价相互作用的协同作用制备了精细控制的纳米碗，这为不对称纳米粒子的制备开辟了新途径。