The characterization and comparison of sludge ashes at various ashing temperatures were carried out to study the relationship between the ashing fusibility, physicochemical properties, and thermogravimetric characteristics. The low temperature ashes were black gray and had the characteristic of the coexistence of irregular and rounded particles, which contained a certain proportion of residual unburned combustible material. As the ashing temperature increased, the flake-like crystals transformed into long columns with a compact arrangement. Agglomeration of the ash samples became significant and provided the supporting effect of a skeleton structure. The ash samples at a low ashing temperature had lower ash characteristic temperatures. As the ashing temperature increased, the characteristic temperature increased, which implied that the minerals with high melting points provided the supporting effect of a skeleton structure. The main mineral compositions of the ash samples at the low ashing temperature were quartz, berlinite, magnetite, calcite, calcium pyrophosphate, and muscovite, while at the high ashing temperature, the main minerals were whitlockite, orthoclase, anorthite, anhydrite, and quartz. During the thermogravimetric analysis, the weight loss processes were characterized by a three-stage thermal degradation reaction, as follows: (1) dehydration process and decomposition of light organic volatiles, (2) comprehensive effect from the combustion of unburned combustible residues, the dehydroxylation reaction, and the desulfurization process, and (3) potential anhydrite decomposition. Because phosphorus was chemically combined with calcium preferentially, phosphorus played an important role in the sulfur release, expressed as SO₃. When the sewage sludge ashes were rich in phosphorus, anhydrite could be reacted with abundant berlinite, forming whitlockite and aluminum sulfate, and the decomposition of aluminum sulfate resulted in the volatilization of sulfur, expressed as SO₃. However, the anhydrite remained constant and the sulfur was difficult to volatilize if there was a lack of phosphorus in the sewage sludge ashes.

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不同灰化温度下污泥灰的矿物学组成演变及热重特性

对不同灰化温度下的污泥灰进行了表征和比较，研究了灰熔融性，理化性质和热重特性之间的关系。低温灰为黑灰色，具有不规则和圆形颗粒并存的特征，其中包含一定比例的残留未燃烧可燃物质。随着灰化温度的升高，鳞片状晶体以紧凑的排列转变成长柱状。灰分样品的团聚变得很重要，并提供了骨架结构的支撑作用。在低灰化温度下的灰分样品具有较低的灰分特征温度。随着灰化温度的升高，特征温度升高，这表明具有高熔点的矿物提供了骨架结构的支撑作用。在低灰化温度下，灰分样品的主要矿物成分是石英，柏林铁矿，磁铁矿，方解石，焦磷酸钙和白云母，而在高灰化温度下，主要矿物质是辉锰矿，正长石，钙长石，硬石膏，硬石膏和石英。在热重分析过程中，失重过程的特征在于三阶段的热降解反应：（1）脱水过程和轻质有机挥发物的分解；（2）未燃烧可燃残渣燃烧产生的综合作用，脱羟基作用反应和脱硫过程，以及（3）潜在的硬石膏分解。₃。当污水污泥灰分中富含磷时，硬石膏可以与丰富的硅藻土发生反应，形成菱锰矿和硫酸铝，硫酸铝的分解导致硫的挥发，以SO ₃表示。但是，如果污水污泥灰中缺乏磷，则硬石膏保持不变，硫很难挥发。