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A Review of Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors from an Environmental Perspective
Energy & Fuels ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-20 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b03363
Malcolm A. Kelland 1
Affiliation  

Kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs) have been used in the upstream petroleum industry for about 25 years to prevent plugging of flow lines with gas hydrates. The main ingredients in current commercial KHI formulations are one or more water-soluble polymers which contain both hydrophobic and hydrophilic functionalities. Although the vast majority of KHIs are low in acute toxicity and bioaccumulation, very few commercial products show good biodegradability, and for that reason, there is always some concern of long-term chronic toxicity from partially degraded products if discharged into the environment. This report reviews all efforts to develop more biodegradable KHIs, and outlines the fact that some classes of so-called “green” chemicals are not necessarily readily biodegradable or low in toxicity. The review also covers methodologies to recover or destroy KHIs and reduce their discharge to the environment.

中文翻译:

从环境角度看动力学水合物抑制剂

动力学水合物抑制剂(KHIs)在上游石油工业中已经使用了大约25年,以防止气体水合物堵塞流路。当前商业KHI制剂中的主要成分是一种或多种同时具有疏水和亲水功能的水溶性聚合物。尽管绝大多数KHI的急性毒性和生物蓄积性较低,但极少数商业产品具有良好的生物降解性,因此,始终存在部分降解的产品排放到环境中会产生长期慢性毒性的问题。该报告回顾了开发更多可生物降解的KHI的所有努力,并概述了某些类别的所谓“绿色”化学品不一定易于生物降解或毒性低的事实。
更新日期:2018-11-20
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