Apo-lycopenals, lycopene metabolites produced by an initial cleavage by β,β-carotene-9′,10′-oxygenase, exhibit diverse biologically active effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of apo-lycopenals on the activation of nuclear receptors involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Only apo-12′-lycopenal exhibited selective and dose-dependent transactivation activity for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), whereas neither apo-6′- nor apo-8′-lycopenals displayed this activity ((7.83 ± 0.66)-, (1.32 ± 0.10)-, and (1.31 ± 0.37)-fold higher activity relative to control, respectively). Additionally, apo-12′-lycopenal promoted adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and subsequently increased the mRNA levels of PPARγ (a (2.36 ± 0.07)-fold increase relative to control; p < 0.01) and its target genes, as well as enhanced adiponectin secretion (a (3.25 ± 0.27)-fold increase relative to control; p < 0.01) and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (1486 ± 85 pmol/well; p < 0.001) in 3T3-L1 cells. Our results indicated that apo-12′-lycopenal promoted adipocyte differentiation by direct binding and activation of PPARγ.

中文翻译：

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番茄红素代谢产物Apo-12'-lycopenalal通过过氧化物酶体增殖物激活的受体γ激活促进脂肪细胞分化

脱辅基肾上腺素，即通过β，β-胡萝卜素-9'，10'-加氧酶初始裂解产生的番茄红素代谢物，表现出多种生物学活性。在这项研究中，我们调查了载脂蛋白降低对参与葡萄糖和脂质代谢的核受体活化的影响。仅apo-12'-lycopenal对过氧化物酶体增殖物激活的受体γ（PPARγ）表现出选择性和剂量依赖性的反式激活活性，而apo-6'-和apo-8'-lycopenal均未显示这种活性（（7.83±0.66）-分别比对照高（1.32±0.10）-和（1.31±0.37）倍活性）。此外，载脂蛋白-12'-lyroopenal促进3T3-L1细胞的脂肪细胞分化，并随后增加了PPARγ的mRNA水平（相对于对照，增加了（2.36±0.07）倍；p<0.01）及其靶基因，以及增强的脂联素分泌（相对于对照增加（3.25±0.27）倍; p <0.01）和胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取（1486±85 pmol /孔; p <0.001）在3T3-L1细胞中 我们的研究结果表明，载脂蛋白-12'-降糖通通过直接结合和激活PPARγ促进脂肪细胞分化。