The signaling dynamics of the neurotransmitter dopamine has been established to have an important role in a variety of behavioural processes including motor control, cognition, and emotional processing. Key regulators of transmitter release and the signaling dynamics of dopamine are the plasma membrane reuptake transporter (DAT) and the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2). These proteins serve to remove dopamine molecules from the extracellular and cytosolic space, respectively and both determine the amount of transmitter released from synaptic vesicles. This review provides an overview of how these transporter proteins are involved in molecular regulation and function together to govern the dynamics of vesicular release with opposing effects on the quantal size and extracellular concentration of dopamine. These transporter proteins are both focal points of convergence for a variety of regulatory molecular cascades as well as targets for many pharmacological agents. The ratio between these transporters is argued to be useful as a molecular marker for delineating dopamine functional subsystems that may differ in transmitter release patterns.

中文翻译：

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突触前调节多巴胺的释放：DAT和VMAT2转运蛋白的作用。

已经建立了神经递质多巴胺的信号传导动力学，以在包括运动控制，认知和情绪加工在内的各种行为过程中发挥重要作用。递质释放和多巴胺信号传导的关键调节因子是质膜再摄取转运蛋白（DAT）和囊泡单胺转运蛋白（VMAT2）。这些蛋白质分别用于从细胞外和胞质空间去除多巴胺分子，并且两者都确定从突触小泡释放的递质的量。这篇综述概述了这些转运蛋白如何参与分子调控并共同控制水泡释放的动力学，并对多巴胺的大小和细胞外浓度产生相反的影响。这些转运蛋白既是多种调控分子级联反应的汇聚焦点，也是许多药理作用的靶标。这些转运蛋白之间的比例被认为可作为分子标记物，用于描绘可能在递质释放模式上有所不同的多巴胺功能子系统。