Abstract A novel and yolk/shell nanoreactor catalyst (H-Fe3O4@h-Cu0@m-SiO2) was designed and synthesized with a hollow magnetite core encapsulated in a mesoporous silica shell which Cu0-nanoparticles were decorated in the interior cavity shell in order to enhance the catalytic activity. The morphology, structure and physicochemical properties of the yolk/shell nanoreactor were then fully characterized by using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The N2 absorption-desorption isotherms indicate a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area of 287.36 m2/g and a pore width of 2–50 nm. Applied as a catalyst for three-component A3 coupling reaction of alkynes, aldehydes and amines under the optimized condition. Interestingly, the characterization results indicate that (H-Fe3O4@h-Cu0@m-SiO2) has great catalytic performance, which could be related to unique hollow morphology with an active core contains Cu0-nanoparticles, protective mesoporous shell and hollow void. This aspect of morphology leads to favoring the transfer of the reactants and products. Reusability up to 10 times without any obvious decline in catalytic activity and short reaction time are other advantageous of this green nano-reactor.

中文翻译：

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磁性基蛋黄壳纳米反应器的合成：新型Cu0纳米颗粒单功能催化剂及其作为A3偶联反应高效绿色催化剂的应用

摘要 设计并合成了一种新型的蛋黄/壳纳米反应器催化剂（H-Fe3O4@h-Cu0@m-SiO2），其空心磁铁矿核包裹在介孔二氧化硅壳中，Cu0-纳米颗粒依次装饰在内腔壳中。以提高催化活性。然后通过使用高分辨率透射电子显微镜 (HRTEM)、场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FE-SEM)、能量色散 X 射线光谱 (EDX) 对蛋黄/壳纳米反应器的形态、结构和物理化学性质进行全面表征，X射线衍射图（XRD），傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）。N2 吸收-解吸等温线表明 Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) 比表面积为 287.36 m2/g，孔宽为 2-50 nm。在优化条件下用作炔、醛、胺三组分A3偶联反应的催化剂。有趣的是，表征结果表明 (H-Fe3O4@h-Cu0@m-SiO2) 具有很好的催化性能，这可能与独特的空心形态有关，活性核包含 Cu0-纳米颗粒、保护性介孔壳和空洞。形态的这一方面导致有利于反应物和产物的转移。这种绿色纳米反应器的另一个优点是可重复使用 10 次，催化活性没有明显下降，反应时间短。这可能与具有活性核心的独特中空形态有关，其中包含 Cu0 纳米颗粒、保护性介孔壳和中空空隙。形态的这一方面导致有利于反应物和产物的转移。这种绿色纳米反应器的另一个优点是可重复使用 10 次，催化活性没有明显下降，反应时间短。这可能与具有活性核心的独特中空形态有关，其中包含 Cu0 纳米颗粒、保护性介孔壳和中空空隙。形态的这一方面导致有利于反应物和产物的转移。这种绿色纳米反应器的另一个优点是可重复使用 10 次，催化活性没有明显下降，反应时间短。