A high‐performing inverted perovskite solar cell (PSC) always relies on the hole transporting layer (HTL) quality and its interfaces. This work investigates the impact of La incorporation within the NiO_x matrix for defects passivation, thus leading to high charge extraction ability and stability without compromising its power conversion efficiency. In the presence of La, the La–NiO_x quality is clearly improved; without the formation of pinholes. In addition, the inclusion of La alters the energy band alignment; consequently, enhancing the hole transportation and widening the V_oc (>1 V), as compared to the pristine NiO_x. The beneficial effect of La was further revealed through the photoluminescence measurement and density of states (DOS) analysis, in which trap states are passivated by La. More importantly, the perovskite solar cell, with La–NiO_x as the HTL, exhibits 21 % enhancement in efficiency and a remarkable stability that is greater than that of pristine NiO_x. This also unlocks an opportunity for commercialization.

中文翻译：

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镧在基于氧化镍的钙钛矿型反向钙钛矿太阳能电池中的作用，以提高效率和稳定性

高性能倒钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）始终取决于空穴传输层（HTL）的质量及其界面。这项工作研究了La掺入NiO _x基质中对缺陷钝化的影响，从而在不损害其功率转换效率的情况下实现了高电荷提取能力和稳定性。在存在La的情况下，La–NiO _x的质量明显得到改善；没有形成针孔。另外，包含La会改变能带排列。因此，与原始NiO _x相比，提高了空穴传输并扩大了V _oc（> 1 V）。通过光致发光测量和态密度（DOS）分析进一步揭示了La的有益效果，其中陷阱态被La钝化。更重要的是，以La–NiO _x作为HTL的钙钛矿太阳能电池表现出21％比原始NiO _x具有更高的效率和显着的稳定性。这也为商业化创造了机会。