This paper presents an experimental study on bubble formation in the process of sintering of Zhundong coal and corn stalk (CS) ash blends in a horizontal chamber furnace. The effect of the blend ratio of biomass ash was investigated. Bubble parameters, such as number, area, and porosity, were measured on the basis of a metalloscope equipped with a charge-coupled device camera and digital image processing technique. After sintering experiments, ash and condensed matter in the bubbles were sampled and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. In addition, a chemical equilibrium calculation was conducted to reveal the influence of biomass ash on the formation of bubbles. The experimental results show that a 50% CS blend has the greatest melting degree and the formation time of bubbles is earlier than other cases, while a low ratio of CS ash has limited influence on bubble formation and mineral composition. The formation mechanism of bubbles is proposed on the basis of the results. The condensed matter in the bubbles mainly contains NaCl, CaSO₄, and KCl. The results indicate that chlorine promotes the transformation of alkali metals to gaseous phase. The chemical equilibrium calculation verified the experimental results.

中文翻译：

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煤与生物灰掺混料烧结过程中气泡形成机理的实验研究。

本文对准东煤和玉米秸秆（CS）粉煤灰在卧式炉中烧结过程中的气泡形成进行了实验研究。研究了生物质灰分的混合比的影响。气泡参数（例如数量，面积和孔隙率）是在配备有电荷耦合器件照相机和数字图像处理技术的金相显微镜的基础上进行测量的。经过烧结实验，对气泡中的灰分和冷凝物进行采样并通过X射线衍射进行分析。另外，进行化学平衡计算以揭示生物质灰分对气泡形成的影响。实验结果表明，含量为50％的CS混合物具有最高的熔融度，并且气泡的形成时间比其他情况要早，而较低的CS灰分对气泡形成和矿物成分的影响有限。在此基础上提出了气泡的形成机理。气泡中的冷凝物主要包含NaCl，CaSO₄和KCl。结果表明，氯促进了碱金属向气相的转化。化学平衡计算验证了实验结果。