Abstract Solid waste disposal imposes worldwide environmental and economic hardships. To alleviate such issues, the present work uses coal fly ash to in situ catalyze the pyrolysis of wheat straw, an abundant agricultural biomass, and to simultaneously produce heterogeneous sorbents for water treatment. Coal fly ash mixed in varying proportions with wheat straw shows a catalytic effect by lowering the temperature at which many noncondensable gaseous species are released. As the weight fraction of fly ash in the wheat straw increased from 1 to 10 wt%, the overall conversion of biomass increased. 1–5 wt% fly ash favored conversion to the gas phase (especially CO 2 , CH 4 and C 2 H 4 ), whereas the 10 wt% mixture produced more condensable species with fewer detectable oxygenated components and increased furan concentration. For a more complete waste-to-byproduct transformation, the resulting heterogeneous wheat straw-fly ash biochars were used to removed methylene blue, a model organic pollutant, from water, at higher capacities and faster rates than biochar alone. Overall, the coal fly ash may be a potential inexpensive catalyst for in situ upgrading biomass pyrolysis, simultaneously producing heterogeneous sorbents with enhanced adsorption capacities for organic pollutants.

中文翻译：

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在粉煤灰作为原位催化剂的情况下，通过热解小麦秸秆将固体废物转化为生物燃料和多相吸附剂

摘要 固体废物处理给世界范围内的环境和经济带来了困难。为了缓解这些问题，目前的工作使用粉煤灰原位催化小麦秸秆（一种丰富的农业生物质）的热解，并同时生产用于水处理的多相吸附剂。粉煤灰以不同比例与小麦秸秆混合，通过降低许多不可凝气态物质释放的温度显示出催化作用。随着小麦秸秆中粉煤灰的重量分数从 1% 增加到 10%，生物质的总转化率增加。1-5 wt% 的飞灰有利于转化为气相（尤其是 CO 2 、CH 4 和 C 2 H 4 ），而 10 wt% 的混合物产生更多的可冷凝物质，可检测到的含氧成分更少，呋喃浓度增加。为了实现更完整的废物到副产品的转化，产生的异质小麦秸秆-飞灰生物炭用于去除水中的模型有机污染物亚甲蓝，比单独使用生物炭具有更高的容量和更快的速率。总体而言，粉煤灰可能是一种潜在的廉价催化剂，用于原位升级生物质热解，同时生产对有机污染物具有增强吸附能力的多相吸附剂。