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MicroRNA sensors based on gold nanoparticles
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-03 , DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1450-7
Catarina Coutinho , Álvaro Somoza

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs, the dysregulation of which has been associated with the progression of several human diseases, including cancer. Interestingly, these molecules can be used as biomarkers for early disease diagnosis and can be found in a variety of body fluids and tissue samples. However, their specific properties and very low concentrations make their detection rather challenging. In this regard, current detection methods are complex, cost-ineffective, and of limited application in point-of-care settings or resource-limited facilities. Recently, nanotechnology-based approaches have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional miRNA detection methods and paved the way for research towards sensitive, fast, and low-cost detection systems. In particular, due to their exceptional properties, the use of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has significantly improved the performance of miRNA biosensors. This review discusses the application of AuNPs in different miRNA sensor modalities, commenting on recently reported examples. A practical overview of each modality is provided, highlighting their future use in clinical diagnosis.

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中文翻译:

基于金纳米颗粒的MicroRNA传感器

微小RNA(miRNA)是小的调节性RNA,其失调与几种人类疾病(包括癌症)的进展有关。有趣的是,这些分子可用作早期疾病诊断的生物标记,并且可以在各种体液和组织样本中找到。但是,它们的特殊性质和极低的浓度使其很难检测。在这方面,当前的检测方法复杂,成本低廉,并且在护理点设置或资源有限的设施中应用有限。最近,基于纳米技术的方法已成为传统miRNA检测方法的有希望的替代方法,并为敏感,快速和低成本检测系统的研究铺平了道路。尤其是由于其卓越的性能,金纳米颗粒(AuNPs)的使用显着改善了miRNA生物传感器的性能。这篇评论讨论了AuNPs在不同miRNA传感器模式中的应用,并评论了最近报道的例子。提供了每种方式的实用概述,突出了它们在临床诊断中的未来用途。

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更新日期:2018-11-03
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