A green aloe-vera gel contains small tissues (as capillaries), which easily upload Ca²⁺/In³⁺ species (upon adding in a solution) so as to form a hybrid complex and conduct a local carbothermic reaction (on heating) in the capillaries, forming a nanohybrid C-CaIn₂O₄, small core–shells of a tunable carbon-shell of a few molecular layers. Thin C-CaIn₂O₄ plates (15–20 nm thickness) thus were grown preferentially in (200) facets in a tetragonal crystal structure on a mixed gel which was burnt in camphor in air. The shell thickness was thermally etched down, δ = 3 → 0.5 nm, by post-heating at 400–600 °C in air. It finely tailors dielectric properties on account of interfaces, conducting networks, multiple surfaces, and O^2– vacancies/twins (induced in a deoxidizing carbon) with effectively enhanced “e^––h⁺” ion pairs useful for supercapacitors and other devices. In a proposed model, the CaIn₂O₄ bonds over C-sp² via O^2– in polygons in a network of a 2D-interface Ca²⁺/In³⁺–O–C (δ ≥ 0.5 nm), which, when heating, exists (≤1% mass) well up to 600 °C in air. A regular monolayer is very critical for feeding a huge dielectric permittivity ε_r(s) ∼ 6.9 × 10⁶ on a moderate conductivity σ_dc ≤ 0.8 × 10^–4 S·cm^–1 at frequency ω → 0. After relaxing rapidly, a fairly steady ε_r = 7.6 × 10³ lasts of yet a usefully large value over ω ≥ 10² Hz. A wide plateau spans in a steady σ_ac ∼ 0.8 × 10^–4 S·cm^–1 over ω ≤ 10³ Hz, before booting it up progressively by nearly two orders on higher ω in a frequency modulated ionic conductor. The “e^––h⁺” pairs in a conductive network govern the conduction process over uneven and dynamic potential wells. A network as disrupts in thicker shells no longer feeds such large ε_r values.

中文翻译：

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可调谐核-壳C-CaIn ₂ O _4的生物合成，界面键合，导电网络通道和量身定制的介电性能

绿色芦荟凝胶含有小的组织（作为毛细血管），可以很容易地上载Ca ²⁺ / In ³⁺物种（在溶液中添加），从而形成杂化复合物并在水中进行局部碳热反应（加热时）。毛细管，形成纳米混合C-CaIn ₂ O ₄，是几个分子层的可调碳壳的小核壳。薄C-CaIn ₂ O ₄因此，板（15-20 nm厚度）优先在混合凝胶中以四方晶体结构（200个）刻面生长，该凝胶在空气中在樟脑中燃烧。通过在空气中在400–600°C下进行后加热，可将壳的厚度热蚀刻至δ= 3→0.5 nm。它基于界面，导电网络，多个表面和O ^2-空位/孪生子（在脱氧碳中诱导），通过有效增强的对超级电容器和其他设备有用的“ e ^– h ⁺ ”离子对，可以精确地调整介电性能。在提出的模型中，CaIn ₂ O ₄通过O ^2–在C-sp ²上键合在二维界面Ca ²⁺ / In ³⁺的网络中的多边形中。–O–C（δ≥0.5 nm），加热时在空气中的最高温度为600°C时存在（≤1％质量）。一个普通的单层是用于进给一个巨大的介电常数ε非常关键的_{- [R}（S）〜6.9×10 ⁶上的中等导电率σ_直流≤0.8×10 ^-4 S·厘米^-1处的频率ω→0快速放松后，一个相当稳定的_εr = 7.6×10 ³，在ω≥10 ² Hz的情况下仍保持较大的有用值。在一个稳定的σA宽高原跨度_交流〜0.8×10 ^-4 S·厘米^-1以上ω≤10 ³Hz，然后在调频离子导体中以较高的ω将其逐步启动近两个数量级。导电网络中的“ e ^– –h ⁺ ”对控制不均匀且动态势阱的导电过程。在较厚的壳体中破裂的网络不再提供如此大的_εr值。