Three-dimensional (3D) porous N-doped carbon nanoflake structures decorated with in situ formed Ag nanoparticles (Ag-NCNS) have been synthesized for the first time by a feasible salt-assisted polymer blowing-up method. The 3D porous carbon materials can be an effective lithium host for the application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) in addressing the challenging issues of the growth of lithium dendrites and the uncontrollable formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). The 3D hosts can effectively restrain the growth of Li dendrites by trapping metallic Li in the matrix as well as decreasing local current. Ag nanoparticles act as heterogeneous nucleation sites because of the low nucleation overpotential, and therefore, spatial control of Li metal is realized. The as-fabricated Ag-NCNS electrode presents a dendrite-free plating morphology and long-term cycling stability with the Coulombic efficiency maintained at more than 98% for 200 cycles at 0.5 mA cm^–2 with a cycling capacity of 1.0 mA h cm^–2. In symmetric cells, the Ag-NCNS/Li electrode exhibits much lower voltage hysteresis and stable cycling performance for more than 2000 h.

中文翻译：

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亲硫性银纳米颗粒修饰的3D多孔碳骨架向无枝晶锂金属阳极的原位合成

通过可行的盐助聚合物吹塑法首次合成了由原位形成的Ag纳米粒子（Ag-NCNS）装饰的三维（3D）多孔N掺杂碳纳米片结构。3D多孔碳材料可以成为锂金属电池（LMB）应用中有效的锂主体，以解决锂树枝状晶体的生长和固体电解质中间相（SEI）的不可控制形成这一具有挑战性的问题。3D主机可以通过将金属Li捕获在基质中以及降低局部电流来有效抑制Li树突的生长。由于低的成核超电势，Ag纳米颗粒充当异质成核位点，因此实现了Li金属的空间控制。^–2的循环容量为1.0 mA h cm ^–2。在对称电池中，Ag-NCNS / Li电极表现出低得多的电压迟滞，并且在超过2000小时的时间内仍具有稳定的循环性能。