The C_3v-symmetric hetera buckybowl trichalcogenasumanenes have attracted recent interest due to their unique features in chemical and optoelectronic aspects. To gain a nonlinear optical (NLO) response, the electron-withdrawing unit pyrazine was introduced onto tricalcogenasumanenes to give the pyrazine-fused trithiasumanene (1) and triselenasumanene (2) as reported herein. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit typical NLO properties which are verified using open-aperture Z-scan technology under a 532 nm nanosecond laser pulse. It is found that the NLO performance of these two molecules is much better than the state-of-the-art NLO material C₆₀. The time-resolved transient absorption clearly verified that the NLO properties of 1 and 2 originate from the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) of the triplet excited-state. Owing to their remarkable NLO performance, 1 and 2 are further employed as optical power limiting (OPL) materials. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit OPL behavior with a limiting threshold of 1.78 J cm⁻² and 2.43 J cm⁻², respectively; this performance is better than that of C₆₀ (12.85 J cm⁻²). This work indicates that the sumanene derivatives are promising candidates for NLO and OPL materials.

中文翻译：

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吡嗪融合的三缩金刚烷的显着非线性光学响应及其在光功率限制中的应用†

由于C _3v对称的杂巴氏三叉戟金刚烷酮在化学和光电方面的独特特征，引起了人们的关注。为了获得非线性光学（NLO）响应，将吸电子单元吡嗪引入到三calcogenasumanenes上，以得到如本文报道的与吡嗪融合的三硫杂苏曼烯（1）和三硒杂苏曼烯（2）。化合物1和2表现出典型的NLO性质，已使用开孔Z扫描技术在532 nm纳秒的激光脉冲下进行了验证。发现这两个分子的NLO性能远优于最新的NLO材料C ₆₀。时间分辨的瞬态吸收清楚地证明了1和2的NLO性质源自三重态激发态的反向饱和吸收（RSA）。由于其出色的NLO性能，因此将1和2进一步用作光功率限制（OPL）材料。化合物1和2表现出OPL行为，其极限阈值分别为1.78 J cm ^-2和2.43 J cm ^-2。该性能优于C ₆₀（12.85 J cm ^-2）。这项工作表明，苏木烯衍生物是NLO和OPL材料的有希望的候选者。