Hybrid organic/inorganic perovskites as light absorption layer have received considerable attention because of their preeminent photovoltaic performance. Presently, gaining high power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is very crucial to achieve their practical application. Here, NH₄I was introduced to fabricate the mixed dimensional (MD) perovskite films at different annealing temperatures. The addition of NH₄I could improve the preferential crystal orientation within the polycrystalline, favor the formation of MD perovskite, and suppress the existence of yellow PbI₂ phase. The results indicate that MD perovskite films have a smoother surface, preferentially oriented perovskite crystal, and better optical properties at the same annealing temperature, compared with formamidinium (FA) perovskite. The MD perovskite device displays excellent photovoltaic performance possessing a high PCE of 18.93% at 100 °C. More importantly, the 1200 h humidity and 200 h heat stability tests reveal that the MD perovskite devices at optimized annealing temperature show great stability against moisture and heat. The findings are crucial to perovskite photovoltaics on improving the PCE and the long-term stability in industrialization and other applications.

中文翻译：

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NH ₄ I有助于在不同的退火温度下混合尺寸钙钛矿的形成并提高了稳定性

混合的有机/无机钙钛矿作为光吸收层，由于其卓越的光伏性能而受到了广泛的关注。目前，获得高功率转换效率（PCE）和钙钛矿型太阳能电池（PSC）的长期稳定性对于实现其实际应用至关重要。在此，引入NH ₄ I以在不同的退火温度下制备混合尺寸（MD）的钙钛矿薄膜。NH ₄ I的添加可以改善多晶内的优先晶体取向，有利于MD钙钛矿的形成，并抑制黄色PbI ₂的存在。阶段。结果表明，与甲ami（FA）钙钛矿相比，MD钙钛矿膜具有更光滑的表面，优先取向的钙钛矿晶体以及在相同退火温度下具有更好的光学性能。MD钙钛矿器件显示出出色的光伏性能，在100°C时具有18.93％的高PCE。更重要的是，在1200 h的湿度和200 h的热稳定性测试中，发现MD钙钛矿装置在优化的退火温度下具有极高的防潮和防热稳定性。这些发现对于钙钛矿型光电器件在改善PCE和工业化及其他应用中的长期稳定性方面至关重要。