BACKGROUND Adolescents' dietary intake often fails to meet national dietary guidelines, especially among low-income African-American youth. The dietary habits established in adolescence are likely to continue into adulthood, and a poor-quality diet increases the risk of developing obesity and chronic disease. Based on principles from ecological and social-cognitive behavior change health theories, perceptions of parental beliefs about healthy eating, perceptions of peer eating behaviors, and parental monitoring of what adolescents eat may positively influence adolescent diet quality. OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were to determine whether perceived parental beliefs about nutrition, perceived peer eating behaviors, and reported parental monitoring of the adolescent diet were related to African-American adolescent diet quality and whether these relationships were moderated by adolescent age or sex. DESIGN This secondary cross-sectional study used baseline data (2002 to 2004) from an urban community sample of low-income adolescents participating in a health promotion trial. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants were 216 African-American adolescent-caregiver dyads in Baltimore, MD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The 2010 Healthy Eating Index was used to estimate adolescent diet quality. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED Analyses included correlations, t tests, age- and sex-by-perception regression interactions, and multivariate regressions adjusted for body mass index-for-age percentile, caregiver weight status, and caregiver depressive symptoms. RESULTS Higher diet quality scores were related to higher levels of perceived parental and peer support for healthy eating behaviors among adolescents (β=.21; P<0.05; β=.15; P<0.05, respectively) and to caregiver reports of parental monitoring of adolescent dietary behavior (β=1.38, P<0.01). Findings were not moderated by age or sex. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with ecological and social-cognitive theories, adolescents look to their friends and family in making healthy food choices. The relationships uncovered by this study describe some of the contextual, interpersonal influences associated with diet quality among low-income, urban African-American adolescents and warrant further exploration in future intervention studies.

中文翻译：

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朋友和家人：非裔美国青少年对其饮食信念和他人行为的看法与饮食质量有何关系

背景青少年的膳食摄入量通常不符合国家膳食指南，尤其是在低收入的非洲裔美国青年中。青春期建立的饮食习惯可能会持续到成年，而不良饮食会增加患肥胖症和慢性病的风险。基于生态和社会认知行为改变健康理论的原则，父母对健康饮食信念的看法、同伴饮食行为的看法以及父母对青少年饮食的监控可能会对青少年的饮食质量产生积极的影响。目的 本研究的目的是确定父母对营养的看法、同伴的饮食行为、并报告父母对青少年饮食的监测与非裔美国青少年饮食质量有关，以及这些关系是否受青少年年龄或性别的调节。设计 这项二级横断面研究使用了城市社区参与健康促进试验的低收入青少年样本的基线数据（2002 年至 2004 年）。参与者/环境 参与者是马里兰州巴尔的摩的 216 名非裔美国青少年照顾者二人组。主要观察指标 2010 年健康饮食指数用于评估青少年饮食质量。执行的统计分析 分析包括相关性、t 检验、年龄和性别感知回归相互作用，以及针对年龄百分比体重指数、照料者体重状态和照料者抑郁症状调整的多元回归。结果 较高的饮食质量评分与父母和同伴对青少年健康饮食行为的感知水平较高（分别为 β=.21；P<0.05；β=.15；P<0.05）和照顾者的父母监督报告相关青少年饮食行为（β=1.38，P<0.01）。调查结果不受年龄或性别的影响。结论 与生态和社会认知理论一致，青少年在做出健康的食物选择时会依赖他们的朋友和家人。本研究揭示的关系描述了与低收入城市非裔美国青少年饮食质量相关的一些背景、人际关系影响，值得在未来的干预研究中进一步探索。