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Optimal orientation angles for maximizing energy yield for solar PV in Saudi Arabia
Renewable Energy ( IF 8.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.10.048
Hassan Z. Al Garni , Anjali Awasthi , David Wright

This paper uses research-quality, ground measurements of irradiance and temperature that are accurate to ±2% to estimate the electric energy yield of fixed solar modules for utility-scale solar power plants at 18 sites in Saudi Arabia. The calculation is performed for a range of tilt and azimuth angles and the orientation that gives the optimum annual energy yield is determined. A detailed analysis is presented for Riyadh including the impact of non-optimal tilt and azimuth angles on annual energy yield. It is also found that energy yield in March and October are higher than in April and September, due to milder operating temperatures of the modules. A similar optimization of tilt and azimuth is performed each month separately. Adjusting the orientation each month increases energy yield by 4.01% compared to the annual optimum, but requires considerable labour cost. Further analysis shows that an increase in energy yield of 3.63% can be obtained by adjusting the orientation at five selected times during the year, thus significantly reducing the labour requirement. The optimal orientation and corresponding energy yield for all 18 sites is combined with a site suitability analysis taking into account climate, topography and proximity to roads, transmission lines and protected areas. Six sites are selected as having high suitability and high energy yield: Albaha, Arar, Hail, Riyadh, Tabuk and Taif. For these cities the optimal tilt is only slightly higher than the latitude, however the optimum azimuth is from 20° to 53° west of south due to an asymmetrical daily irradiance profile.

中文翻译:

最大化沙特阿拉伯太阳能光伏发电量的最佳方向角

本文使用研究质量的地面辐照度和温度测量值,精确到 ±2%,以估计沙特阿拉伯 18 个站点的公用事业规模太阳能发电厂的固定太阳能组件的电能产量。计算是针对一系列倾斜角和方位角进行的,并确定了提供最佳年能量产量的方向。对利雅得进行了详细分析,包括非最佳倾角和方位角对年发电量的影响。还发现 3 月和 10 月的能量产量高于 4 月和 9 月,这是由于模块的工作温度较温和。每个月单独执行类似的倾斜和方位角优化。与年度最佳值相比,每月调整方向可使能源产量提高 4.01%,但需要相当大的人工成本。进一步分析表明,通过在一年中的五个选定时间调整方向,可以获得3.63%的能量产量增加,从而大大减少了劳动力需求。所有 18 个站点的最佳方向和相应的能源产量与站点适宜性分析相结合,考虑到气候、地形以及与道路、输电线路和保护区的接近程度。六个地点被选为具有高适宜性和高能量产量:阿尔巴哈、阿拉尔、海尔、利雅得、塔布克和塔伊夫。对于这些城市,最佳倾角仅略高于纬度,但由于每日辐照度分布不对称,最佳方位角为南以西 20° 至 53°。通过在一年中的五个选定时间调整方向可以获得 63%,从而显着降低劳动力需求。所有 18 个站点的最佳方向和相应的能源产量与站点适宜性分析相结合,考虑到气候、地形以及与道路、输电线路和保护区的接近程度。六个地点被选为具有高适宜性和高能量产量:阿尔巴哈、阿拉尔、海尔、利雅得、塔布克和塔伊夫。对于这些城市,最佳倾角仅略高于纬度,但由于每日辐照度分布不对称,最佳方位角为南以西 20° 至 53°。通过在一年中的五个选定时间调整方向可以获得 63%,从而显着降低劳动力需求。所有 18 个站点的最佳方向和相应的能源产量与站点适宜性分析相结合,考虑到气候、地形以及与道路、输电线路和保护区的接近程度。六个地点被选为具有高适宜性和高能量产量:阿尔巴哈、阿拉尔、海尔、利雅得、塔布克和塔伊夫。对于这些城市,最佳倾角仅略高于纬度,但由于每日辐照度分布不对称,最佳方位角为南以西 20° 至 53°。所有 18 个站点的最佳方向和相应的能源产量与站点适宜性分析相结合,考虑到气候、地形以及与道路、输电线路和保护区的接近程度。六个地点被选为具有高适宜性和高能量产量:阿尔巴哈、阿拉尔、海尔、利雅得、塔布克和塔伊夫。对于这些城市,最佳倾角仅略高于纬度,但由于每日辐照度分布不对称,最佳方位角为南以西 20° 至 53°。所有 18 个站点的最佳方向和相应的能源产量与站点适宜性分析相结合,考虑到气候、地形以及与道路、输电线路和保护区的接近程度。六个地点被选为具有高适宜性和高能量产量:阿尔巴哈、阿拉尔、海尔、利雅得、塔布克和塔伊夫。对于这些城市,最佳倾角仅略高于纬度,但由于每日辐照度分布不对称,最佳方位角为南以西 20° 至 53°。
更新日期:2019-04-01
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