Obesity is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation of adipose tissue, which leads to the development of metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer. Obesity and a high calorie diet are associated with altered endocrine and metabolic functions of adipose tissue, contributing to systemic inflammation as a result of the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines/adipokines into the circulation and metabolic endotoxemia. Furthermore, the accumulation of proinflammatory macrophages within the visceral adipose tissue may also be a major cause of chronic inflammation of adipocytes. Thus, it is important to understand the factors that regulate the function of both adipocytes and macrophages to find attractive strategies against the burden of obesity-induced health problems. Although the vast range of activities of dietary bioactive compounds on obesity and inflammation have been widely investigated, the mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects on obesity-associated inflammatory response are still poorly understood. This review focuses on the molecular biology mechanism of obesity-induced inflammation and the reciprocal interactions between the major molecular mechanisms and a range of dietary bioactive compounds.

中文翻译：

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生物活性饮食对肥胖相关炎症和疾病的预防机制

肥胖与脂肪组织的低度慢性炎症相关，这导致了代谢紊乱的发展，例如胰岛素抵抗，2型糖尿病，心血管疾病（CVD）和癌症。肥胖和高热量饮食与脂肪组织的内分泌和代谢功能改变有关，由于促炎性细胞因子/脂肪因子释放进入循环系统和代谢性内毒素血症，导致全身性炎症。此外，内脏脂肪组织内促炎性巨噬细胞的积累也可能是脂肪细胞慢性炎症的主要原因。因此，重要的是要了解调节脂肪细胞和巨噬细胞功能的因素，以找到有吸引力的策略来应对肥胖引起的健康问题。尽管已经广泛研究了饮食生物活性化合物对肥胖症和炎症的广泛活性，但是对于它们对肥胖症相关的炎症反应的有益作用的机制仍知之甚少。这篇综述着重于肥胖引起的炎症的分子生物学机制，以及主要的分子机制与一系列饮食生物活性化合物之间的相互作用。