As a rising star of carbon allotropes, graphynes (GYs) merely consist of sp‐ and sp²‐hybridized carbon atoms, which endow them a large conjugated network and expanded 2D porous structure. With unique topological structure, GYs display unusual semiconducting properties, especially in the aspects of charge mobility and electron transport. Among the members of the GY family, only graphdiyne (GD) can be successfully synthesized in large quantities. The advanced properties of GD make it promising in various applications. Here, the recent progress in the synthesis of GD and GD‐based composites is reviewed as well as their applications in photorelated and electrocatalytic applications. It is hoped that this Review will promote the development and applications of carbon chemistry.

中文翻译：

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石墨炔：光和电化学转换的最新成就

作为碳同素异形体的后起之秀，石墨烯（GYs）仅由 sp 和 sp ²杂化碳原子组成，这赋予了它们巨大的共轭网络和扩展的二维多孔结构。凭借独特的拓扑结构，GY表现出不同寻常的半导体特性，特别是在电荷迁移率和电子传输方面。GY家族成员中，只有石墨二炔（GD）可以成功大量合成。GD 的先进特性使其在各种应用中都有广阔的前景。本文综述了 GD 和 GD 基复合材料的合成最新进展以及它们在光相关和电催化应用中的应用。希望本次综述能够促进碳化学的发展和应用。