Drug addiction affects approximately 10% of the population and these numbers are rising. Treatment and prevention of addiction are impeded by current diagnostic systems, such as DSM-5, which are based on outcomes rather than processes. Here, we review the importance of adopting a dimensional framework, specifically the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), to identify protective and vulnerability mechanisms in addiction. We discuss how preclinical researchers should work within this framework to develop animal models based on domains of function. We highlight RDoC paradigms related to addiction and discuss how these can be used to investigate the biological underpinnings of an addiction cycle (i.e., binge/intoxication, negative affect, and craving). Using this information, we then outline the critical role of animal research in ongoing revisions to the RDoC matrix (specifically the functional significance of domains, constructs and subconstructs) and its contribution to the development and refinement of addiction theories. We conclude with an overview of the contribution that animal research has made to the development of pharmacological and behavioural treatments for addiction.

中文翻译：

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成瘾研究中的动物模型：一种维度方法。

吸毒成瘾影响了大约10％的人口，并且这些数字正在上升。成瘾的治疗和预防受到当前诊断系统（例如DSM-5）的阻碍，该系统基于结果而不是过程。在这里，我们回顾了采用维度框架（特别是研究领域标准（RDoC））来识别成瘾中的保护性和脆弱性机制的重要性。我们讨论临床前研究人员应如何在此框架内工作，以基于功能域开发动物模型。我们重点介绍与成瘾有关的RDoC范例，并讨论如何将其用于研究成瘾周期的生物学基础（即，暴饮/中毒，负面影响和渴望）。使用此信息，然后，我们概述了动物研究在不断修订的RDoC矩阵（特别是域，构造和子构造的功能意义）及其对成瘾理论的发展和完善中所起的关键作用。我们以动物研究对成瘾的药理学和行为学治疗的发展做出的概述作为总结。