Abstract In this paper, a model is proposed for the assessment of the effectiveness of various mulches in increasing deep percolation of rainfalls for enhancing arid zones aquifers. For this purpose, 8 precipitations were selected from the Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves of the study area with a return period of 2 and 5 years. The deep percolation of these precipitations were examined in lysimeters with gravel, sand and mixed mulches and without any mulch. Then 192 data of soil moisture, daily maximum air-temperature and deep percolation were measured for driving empirical equations. Moreover, the efficiency and accuracy of these empirical equations were investigated using Coefficient of Determination (CD) and Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency Coefficient (NSEC). The results showed that the obtained empirical equations could estimate deep percolation and evaporation with an acceptable accuracy. Using these equations and the soil-water balance equation, a soil moisture model was developed for the assessment of deep percolation. Then it was examined to evaluate the efficiency of the mulched soils in increasing soil moisture and aquifer recharging of three years’ precipitations in Shahrekord plain, Iran. The results showed that the deep percolation increased in all examined mulched soils compared to unmulched soil, its maximum and cumulative increase were in gravel mulch with 21.3% and 30%, respectively. Furthermore, groundwater modeling results showed that the mulching could improve groundwater level as 0.34 m over a three year period. Finally, this paper proposes soil mulching for enhancing groundwater resources and a model to assess it.

中文翻译：

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干旱地区地膜覆盖对降雨补给含水层影响的评估模型

摘要 在本文中，提出了一种模型，用于评估各种覆盖物在增加降雨深层渗透以增强干旱区含水层方面的有效性。为此，从研究区强度-持续时间-频率（IDF）曲线中选取了8次降水，重现期分别为2年和5年。这些沉淀物的深层渗透在渗漏计中用砾石、沙子和混合覆盖物和没有任何覆盖物进行检查。然后测量了192个土壤水分、日最高气温和深层渗透数据，用于驱动经验方程。此外，使用决定系数 (CD) 和纳什-萨特克利夫效率系数 (NSEC) 研究了这些经验方程的效率和准确性。结果表明，获得的经验方程可以以可接受的精度估计深层渗透和蒸发。使用这些方程和土壤-水平衡方程，开发了一个土壤水分模型，用于评估深层渗透。然后检查了覆盖土壤在增加土壤水分和含水层补给方面的效率，以评估伊朗 Shahrekord 平原三年降水的效率。结果表明，与未覆盖的土壤相比，所有检查的覆盖土壤的深层渗透增加，其最大和累积增加分别在砾石覆盖中增加 21.3% 和 30%。此外，地下水模拟结果表明，覆盖可以在三年内将地下水位提高 0.34 m。最后，