For millennia, the Pontic-Caspian steppe was a connector between the Eurasian steppe and Europe. In this scene, multidirectional and sequential movements of different populations may have occurred, including those of the Eurasian steppe nomads. We sequenced 35 genomes (low to medium coverage) of Bronze Age individuals (Srubnaya-Alakulskaya) and Iron Age nomads (Cimmerians, Scythians, and Sarmatians) that represent four distinct cultural entities corresponding to the chronological sequence of cultural complexes in the region. Our results suggest that, despite genetic links among these peoples, no group can be considered a direct ancestor of the subsequent group. The nomadic populations were heterogeneous and carried genetic affinities with populations from several other regions including the Far East and the southern Urals. We found evidence of a stable shared genetic signature, making the eastern Pontic-Caspian steppe a likely source of western nomadic groups.

中文翻译：

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古代基因组表明，东方庞特里海草原是西方铁器时代游牧民族的起源。

几千年来，庞帝-里海草原一直是欧亚草原与欧洲之间的纽带。在这个场景中，可能发生了不同种群的多方向性和序贯性运动，包括欧亚草原游牧民族的运动。我们对青铜器时代个体（Srubnaya-Alakulskaya）和铁器时代游牧民族（Cimmerians，Scythians和Sarmatians）的35个基因组（低覆盖率）进行了测序，它们代表了四个不同的文化实体，对应于该地区文化复合体的时间顺序。我们的结果表明，尽管这些民族之间存在遗传联系，但没有任何一个群体可以被视为下一个群体的直接祖先。游牧人口是异质的，并且与包括远东和南部乌拉尔在内的其他几个地区的人口具有遗传亲和力。