The balance of adipogenic and myogenic differentiation of skeletal muscle-derived mesenchymal stem cells is particularly important in muscle development and intramuscular fat deposition. This study aimed to explore the differential regulation between adipogenic and myogenic precursors by comparative analysis of their global proteome expression profile. Adipogenic and myogenic precursors isolated from neonatal porcine longissimus dorsi muscle by the preplate method were verified for their unique and distinct differentiation potential under myogenic or adipogenic induction. A total of 433 differentially expressed proteins (DEP) (P < 0.05 and FC > 1.20 or <0.83) between adipogenic and myogenic precursors were detected via a tandem mass tag (TMT)-coupled LC-MS/MS approach, including 339 up-regulated and 94 down-regulated proteins in myogenic precursors compared with adipogenic precursors. On the basis of functional annotation and enrichment analysis of 433 DEP, adipogenic and myogenic precursors showed significantly different metabolic pattern of energy substances and differential regulations of gene expression, cell structure and development, ion homeostasis, and cell motility and migration. Three pathways including PPAR signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, and autophagy signaling pathway, which was differentially regulated between adipogenic and myogenic precursors, was also discovered to play crucial roles in cell differentiation. In conclusion, these differentiated regulation patterns between the two cell subsets of mesenchymal precursors together defines their differentiation potential specificity.

中文翻译：

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蛋白质表达格局定义了骨骼肌中成脂和成肌前体的分化潜能特异性

骨骼肌来源的间充质干细胞的成脂和成肌分化平衡在肌肉发育和肌肉内脂肪沉积中特别重要。这项研究旨在通过对它们的整体蛋白质组表达谱进行比较分析来探讨脂肪生成和肌生成前体之间的差异调控。通过预板法从新生猪背最长肌分离出的成脂和成肌前体在成肌或成脂诱导下具有独特而独特的分化潜能。总共433个差异表达蛋白（DEP）（P通过串联质量标签（TMT）偶联的LC-MS / MS方法检测到成脂和成肌前体之间的<0.05和FC> 1.20或<0.83），其中成肌前体中的339种上调蛋白和94种下调蛋白与成脂前体。在对433 DEP进行功能注释和富集分析的基础上，成脂和成肌前体显示出能量物质的代谢模式显着不同，以及基因表达，细胞结构和发育，离子稳态，细胞运动性和迁移的差异规律。还发现了三个途径，包括在脂肪形成和肌源性前体之间差异调节的PPAR信号传导途径，磷脂酰肌醇信号传导系统和自噬信号传导途径，在细胞分化中起着至关重要的作用。