This study investigated the effect of microencapsulated garlic and/or tomato on endothelial dysfunction induced by the PhenFlex test (PFT) in healthy male smokers. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial, 41 healthy male smokers were randomly assigned to one of four groups to receive the test groups (in microencapsulated garlic powder, tomato extract and a mixture thereof) or the placebo group. Proteomic biomarkers related to endothelial integrity were measured in plasma. Microencapsulated garlic, tomato extract and the mixture affected endothelial integrity biomarkers differently. Garlic consumption increased prothrombin time and decreased SAA and IL-12. Tomato extract intake increased activated partial thrombin time and decreased D-dimer, SAA, sVCAM-1, IL-13 and MCP-3 levels. Consumption of the mixture increased sE-selectin and lowered D-dimer, SAA, IL-13 and IL-10 responses after PFT challenge for 6 h. The different responses became clearer under high compliance in the dietary restriction groups. This single-intake clinical trial addressed the different responses of biomarkers related to endothelial integrity.

中文翻译：

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摄入微囊化大蒜，番茄提取物或混合物后内皮完整性的不同反应：单次，随机，双盲，安慰剂对照的交叉试验†

这项研究调查了微胶囊化的大蒜和/或番茄对健康男性吸烟者的PhenFlex试验（PFT）诱发的内皮功能障碍的影响。在一项随机，双盲，安慰剂对照的交叉试验中，将41名健康的男性吸烟者随机分配到四组中的一组，以接受测试组（微胶囊大蒜粉，番茄提取物及其混合物）或安慰剂组。在血浆中测量与内皮完整性有关的蛋白质组生物标志物。微囊化大蒜，番茄提取物和混合物对内皮完整性生物标志物的影响不同。大蒜摄入量增加了凝血酶原时间，并降低了SAA和IL-12。番茄提取物的摄入量增加了活化的凝血酶部分时间并降低了D-二聚体，SAA，sVCAM-1，IL-13和MCP-3水平。PFT攻击6小时后，混合物的摄入量增加了sE-选择素，并降低了D-二聚体，SAA，IL-13和IL-10反应。在饮食限制组的高依从性下，不同的反应变得更加清晰。这项单次摄入的临床试验解决了与内皮完整性有关的生物标志物的不同反应。