Obesity is a severe public health problem worldwide. Our study aims to assess whether a saponin-enriched extract from the leaves of Boussingaultia gracilis (SBG) could attenuate obesity and its related metabolic disorders in mice and to explore the potential mechanism of this effect. Three-week old male mice were fed with a HFD for 7 weeks followed by a 10-week period in which the mice were supplemented with distilled water or SBG (250 mg per kg bodyweight). We demonstrated that SBG supplementation for 10 weeks mitigated obesity and its complications in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice, such as reducing the hepatic damage underlying steatosis, modulating lipid metabolism, enhancing adipocyte thermogenesis, restoring insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis, and alleviating inflammation status. Finally, we established an untargeted metabolomics approach based on UPLC-MS to profile the metabolic changes in liver tissue and thereby discovered novel potential biomarkers to clarify the mechanisms of action of SBG in treating a mouse model of DIO. Thirty-nine potential biomarkers and five metabolic pathways contributing to the beneficial effect of SBG were discovered and identified.

中文翻译：

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从皂苷Boussingaultia纤细防止饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠的肥胖及相关代谢障碍†

肥胖是全世界范围内严重的公共卫生问题。我们的研究旨在评估是否从香菇叶中提取了富含皂素的提取物。（SBG）可以减轻小鼠的肥胖及其相关的代谢紊乱，并探索这种效应的潜在机制。给三周大的雄性小鼠喂食HFD，持续7周，然后持续10周，在这段时间内给小鼠补充蒸馏水或SBG（每千克体重250 mg）。我们证明了补充SBG 10周可减轻肥胖及其在饮食诱发肥胖（DIO）小鼠中的并发症，例如减少脂肪变性引起的肝损害，调节脂质代谢，增强脂肪细胞的生热作用，恢复胰岛素敏感性和葡萄糖稳态以及减轻炎症地位。最后，我们建立了基于UPLC-MS的非靶向代谢组学方法来分析肝脏组织中的代谢变化，从而发现了新的潜在生物标记物，以阐明SBG在治疗DIO小鼠模型中的作用机制。发现和鉴定了39种潜在的生物标志物和5种有助于SBG发挥有益作用的代谢途径。