This study was aimed at screening a potential anti-hyperuricemia agent with dual xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory effect (XOI) and antioxidant activity from edible plants with health-promoting effects using non-targeted chemometric analysis (hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis), evaluating its in vivo hypouricemic effect and mechanism, and identifying the key XOD inhibitor using ultrafiltration UPLC-MS/MS. Rhizoma Alpiniae Officinarum extract (GE), which has high contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, as well as dual XOI and antioxidant activity, showed significant hypouricemic and renal protective effects on hyperuricemic rats through inhibiting XOD activity, alleviating oxidative stress, down-regulating URAT1 and GLUT9 protein expression, and reducing urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. GE could be a dual-acting agent with XOI and uricosuric effect for preventing and treating hyperuricemia. Four flavonoids and eight diarylheptanoids were identified as potential XOD inhibitors from GE. Galangin, kaempferide and 3-methoxyl-galangin contributing to 70.1% of XOI were the key XOD inhibitors.

这项研究旨在通过使用非目标化学计量分析（层次聚类分析和主成分分析），从可食用植物中筛选具有双重黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOD）抑制作用（XOI）和抗氧化活性的潜在抗高尿酸血症药物。 ，评估其体内降尿酸作用和机理，并使用超滤UPLC-MS / MS鉴定关键的XOD抑制剂。高山高粱提取物（GE）具有较高的总酚和类黄酮含量，并且具有双重XOI和抗氧化活性，通过抑制XOD活性，减轻氧化应激，下调URAT1和GLUT9蛋白，对高尿酸血症大鼠具有明显的降尿酸和肾脏保护作用表达，并降低尿素氮和肌酐水平。GE可能是具有XOI和尿酸尿作用的双效药物，可预防和治疗高尿酸血症。从GE中鉴定出四种类黄酮和八种二芳基庚烷类化合物是潜在的XOD抑制剂。占XOI的70.1％的高良姜精，kaempferide和3-甲氧基-高良姜精是关键的XOD抑制剂。