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MXene Sorbents for Removal of Urea from Dialysate: A Step toward the Wearable Artificial Kidney
ACS Nano ( IF 17.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-26 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06494
Fayan Meng 1, 2 , Mykola Seredych 1 , Chi Chen 1, 3 , Victor Gura 4 , Sergey Mikhalovsky 5, 6 , Susan Sandeman 5 , Ganesh Ingavle 5, 7 , Tochukwu Ozulumba 5 , Ling Miao 3 , Babak Anasori 1 , Yury Gogotsi 1
Affiliation  

The wearable artificial kidney can deliver continuous ambulatory dialysis for more than 3 million patients with end-stage renal disease. However, the efficient removal of urea is a key challenge in miniaturizing the device and making it light and small enough for practical use. Here, we show that two-dimensional titanium carbide (MXene) with the composition of Ti3C2Tx, where Tx represents surface termination groups such as −OH, −O–, and −F, can adsorb urea, reaching 99% removal efficiency from aqueous solution and 94% from dialysate at the initial urea concentration of 30 mg/dL, with the maximum urea adsorption capacity of 10.4 mg/g at room temperature. When tested at 37 °C, we achieved a 2-fold increase in urea removal efficiency from dialysate, with the maximum urea adsorption capacity of 21.7 mg/g. Ti3C2Tx showed good hemocompatibility; it did not induce cell apoptosis or reduce the metabolizing cell fraction, indicating no impact on cell viability at concentrations of up to 200 μg/mL. The biocompatibility of Ti3C2Tx and its selectivity for urea adsorption from dialysate open a new opportunity in designing a miniaturized dialysate regeneration system for a wearable artificial kidney.

中文翻译:

用于从透析液中去除尿素的 MXene 吸附剂:迈向可穿戴人工肾的一步

可穿戴人工肾可为超过 300 万终末期肾病患者提供持续的非卧床透析。然而,尿素的有效去除是使设备小型化并使其轻巧且足够小以供实际使用的关键挑战。在这里,我们展示了具有 Ti 3 C 2 T x组成的二维碳化钛 (MXene) ,其中 T x代表表面终止基团如-OH、-O-和-F,可以吸附尿素,在初始尿素浓度为30 mg/dL时,从水溶液中的去除率达到99%,从透析液中去除率达到94%,尿素吸附量最大室温下容量为 10.4 mg/g。在 37 °C 下进行测试时,我们从透析液中去除尿素的效率提高了 2 倍,最大尿素吸附容量为 21.7 mg/g。Ti 3 C 2 T x表现出良好的血液相容性;它不会诱导细胞凋亡或减少代谢细胞分数,这表明在高达 200 μg/mL 的浓度下对细胞活力没有影响。Ti 3 C 2 T x的生物相容性 及其对透析液中尿素吸附的选择性为设计用于可穿戴人工肾的微型透析液再生系统开辟了新机遇。
更新日期:2018-09-26
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