Besides high efficiency, the stability and reproducibility of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are also key for their commercialization. Herein, we report a simple perovskite formation method to fabricate perovskite films with thickness over 1 μm in ambient condition on the basis of the fast gas-solid reaction of chlorine-incorporated hydrogen lead triiodide and methylamine gas. The resultant thick and smooth chlorine-incorporated perovskite films exhibit full coverage, improved crystallinity, low surface roughness and low thickness variation. The resultant PSCs achieve an average power conversion efficiency of 19.1 ± 0.4% with good reproducibility. Meanwhile, this method enables an active area efficiency of 15.3% for 5 cm × 5 cm solar modules. The un-encapsulated PSCs exhibit an excellent T₈₀ lifetime exceeding 1600 h under continuous operation conditions in dry nitrogen environment.

中文翻译：

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基于一微米厚的稳定钙钛矿薄膜的气固反应，可实现高效的太阳能电池和组件。

除了高效率，钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的稳定性和可复制性也是其商业化的关键。在此，我们报告了一种简单的钙钛矿形成方法，该方法可在掺有氯的三碘化氢铅和甲胺气体快速气固反应的基础上，在环境条件下制备厚度超过1μm的钙钛矿薄膜。所得的厚而光滑的掺氯的钙钛矿膜表现出完全的覆盖度，改善的结晶度，低的表面粗糙度和低的厚度变化。所得的PSC实现了19.1±0.4％的平均功率转换效率，并具有良好的可重复性。同时，此方法可使5 cm×5 cm太阳能模块的有效面积效率达​​到15.3％。未封装的PSC具有出色的T ₈₀ 在干燥氮气环境下连续运行条件下，使用寿命超过1600小时。