A novel heterogeneous catalytic process for efficient reductive amination is developed in the presence of heterogeneous zirconium-based catalysts, in which N,N-dimethylformamide is used as the solvent, low-molecular-weight amine source and reductant. Aromatic tertiary amines have been produced from lignin-derived aromatic aldehydes via the mild Leuckart reaction with ZrO₂ or ZrO(OH)₂ as catalysts, for instance, a 95.8% yield of N,N-dimethyl-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methanamine in a 100% selectivity is obtained from the reductive amination of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde under mild conditions.

中文翻译：

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木质素模型的可持续异构催化还原胺化反应，以生产芳香族叔胺†

在异质锆基催化剂的存在下，开发了一种用于有效还原胺化的新型异质催化方法，其中N，N-二甲基甲酰胺用作溶剂，低分子量胺源和还原剂。木质素衍生的芳族醛类通过与ZrO ₂或ZrO（OH）₂作为催化剂的温和的Leuckart反应，例如以95.8％的N，N-二甲基-1-（3,4，从3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醛在温和的条件下进行还原胺化反应，可获得100％选择性的5-三甲氧基苯基）甲胺。