Economic losses due to post-harvest fungal spoilage and mycotoxin contamination of cereal crops is a frequently encountered issue. Typically, chemical preservatives are used to reduce the initial microbial load and the environmental conditions during storage are controlled to prevent microbial growth. However, in recent years the consumers’ desire for more naturally produced foods containing less chemical preservatives has grown increasingly stronger. This article reviews the latest advances in terms of novel approaches for chemical decontamination, namely application cold atmospheric pressure plasma and electrolyzed water, and their suitability for preservation of stored cereal crops. In addition, the alternative use of bio-preservatives, such as starter cultures or purified antimicrobial compounds, to prevent the growth of spoilage organisms or remove in-field accumulated mycotoxins is evaluated. All treatments assessed here show potential for inhibition of microbial spoilage. However, each method encounters draw-backs, making industrial application difficult. Even under optimized processing conditions, it is unlikely that one single treatment can reduce the natural microbial load sufficiently. It is evident that future research needs to examine the combined application of several treatments to exploit their synergistic properties. This would enable sufficient reduction in the microbial load and ensure microbiological safety of cereal crops during long-term storage.

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延长谷物作物化学和微生物货架寿命的新方法

谷物收获后真菌变质和霉菌毒素污染造成的经济损失是一个经常遇到的问题。通常，化学防腐剂用于减少初始微生物负荷，并且在存储过程中控制环境条件以防止微生物生长。但是，近年来，消费者对含有较少化学防腐剂的更天然生产的食品的需求变得越来越强烈。本文就化学去污的新方法（即应用冷大气压等离子体和电解水）及其在保存谷物农作物中保存的适用性方面的最新进展进行了综述。此外，还可以替代使用生物防腐剂，例如发酵剂或纯化的抗菌化合物，为了防止腐败生物的生长或去除田间积累的霉菌毒素，我们进行了评估。此处评估的所有治疗方法均显示出抑制微生物变质的潜力。但是，每种方法都会遇到缺点，从而使工业应用变得困难。即使在最佳处理条件下，一次处理也不大可能充分降低自然微生物负荷。显然，未来的研究需要研究几种疗法的组合应用，以开发其协同作用。这将能够充分减少微生物负荷，并确保长期储存期间谷物作物的微生物学安全性。使工业应用变得困难。即使在最佳处理条件下，一次处理也不大可能充分降低自然微生物负荷。显然，未来的研究需要研究几种疗法的组合应用，以开发其协同作用。这将能够充分减少微生物负荷，并确保长期储存期间谷物作物的微生物学安全性。使工业应用变得困难。即使在最佳处理条件下，一次处理也不大可能充分降低自然微生物负荷。显然，未来的研究需要研究几种疗法的组合应用，以开发其协同作用。这将能够充分减少微生物负荷，并确保长期储存期间谷物作物的微生物学安全性。