Accurate and precise drug delivery is the key to successful therapy. Monoclonal antibodies, which can transport therapeutic payload to cells expressing specific markers, have paved the way for targeted drug delivery and currently show tremendous clinical success. However, in those abundant cases, when a disease cannot be characterized by a single specific marker, more sophisticated drug delivery systems are required. To enhance targeting accuracy, diverse smart materials have been proposed that can also react to stimuli like variations of pH, temperature, magnetic field, etc. Furthermore, over the past few years a new category of smart materials has emerged, which can not only respond to virtually any biochemical or physical stimulus but also simultaneously analyze several cues and, moreover, can be programmed to use Boolean logic for such analysis. These advanced biocomputing agents have the potential to become a basis for future nanorobotic devices that could overcome some of the grand challenges of modern biomedicine. Here, with a brief introduction to the multidisciplinary field of biomolecular computing, we will review the concepts of nanomaterials with built-in biocomputing capabilities, which can be potentially used for drug delivery and other theranostic applications.

中文翻译：

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具有集成逻辑门和生物计算功能的高级智能纳米材料：Theranostic纳米机器人的曙光

准确和准确的药物输送是成功治疗的关键。可以将治疗有效载荷转运到表达特定标志物的细胞的单克隆抗体为靶向药物递送铺平了道路，目前显示出巨大的临床成功。但是，在那些丰富的病例中，当一种疾病无法通过单一的特定标记物来表征时，就需要更复杂的药物输送系统。为了提高瞄准精度，已经提出了多种智能材料，它们也可以对诸如pH，温度，磁场等变化的刺激做出反应。此外，在过去的几年中，出现了一种新型的智能材料，它不仅可以响应几乎可以对任何生化或物理刺激进行分析，而且还可以同时分析多个线索，此外，可以编程为使用布尔逻辑进行此类分析。这些先进的生物计算试剂有可能成为未来纳米机器人设备的基础，可以克服现代生物医学的一些巨大挑战。在这里，简要介绍生物分子计算的多学科领域，我们将回顾具有内置生物计算功能的纳米材料的概念，这些材料可以潜在地用于药物输送和其他治疗方法。