NiO nanostructures and film were deposited on Cu foil using radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering with oblique and glancing angle deposition technology. The modified CU foil was used as an anode material for a Li ion battery without binder or conductive additives. The electrochemical properties of the NiO electrodes depended on their porosity, which varied with the angle of incidence of the target with respect to the normal substrate surface. The NiO electrodes showed a well aligned nanorod structure when deposited at a glancing angle of 85°. The optimal NiO nanorod electrodes exhibited a reversible lithium capacity of 710 mAh g^-1 at a current rate of 0.5 C and 270 mAh g^-1 at a current rate of 20 C. Furthermore, after 1,000 ultra-long cycles at 2.0 C, the capacity of the NiO nanorod electrode was retained at about 500 mAh g^-1, which was ~70% of theoretical capacity. The high performance and ultra-long life cycle of the NiO nanorod electrodes was attributed to super-structures with macroporosity.

使用斜角和掠角沉积技术的射频（RF）磁控溅射将NiO纳米结构和薄膜沉积在Cu箔上。改性的铜箔用作没有粘合剂或导电添加剂的锂离子电池的负极材料。NiO电极的电化学性质取决于其孔隙率，孔隙率随靶材相对于正常基材表面的入射角而变化。当以85°的掠射角沉积时，NiO电极显示出良好排列的纳米棒结构。最佳的NiO纳米棒电极在0.5 C和270 mAh g ^-1的电流速率下具有710 mAh g ^-1的可逆锂容量此外，在2.0 C下经过1000次超长循环后，NiO纳米棒电极的容量保持在约500 mAh g ^-1，约为理论容量的70％。NiO纳米棒电极的高性能和超长寿命周期归因于具有大孔的超结构。