An original degradable fluorinated surfactant, 3-hydroxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)propanoic acid (MAF-OH), was applied for the emulsion polymerization of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) to yield a latex of PVDF, consisting of typically 100 nm particle diameters. This surfactant was shown to be easily decomposed in subcritical water, releasing fluoride anions. The % reversed head-to head (H–H) addition is greatly minimized (2.4%) in the PVDF, prepared in the presence of MAF-OH surfactant.

中文翻译：

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用于偏二氟乙烯乳液聚合的可降解氟化表面活性剂†

将原始的可降解氟化表面活性剂3-羟基-2-（三氟甲基）丙酸（MAF-OH）应用于偏二氟乙烯（VDF）的乳液聚合，以生产PVDF胶乳，该胶乳的粒径通常为100 nm。该表面活性剂显示在亚临界水中易分解，释放出氟离子。在MAF-OH表面活性剂存在下制备的PVDF中，头对头（H–H）反向添加的百分比大大降低（2.4％）。