Formulation of a novel microemulsion (ME) fuel with a diesel/colza oil blend and investigation of its emission, combustion, and energy performance in a diesel engine with a direct-injection system is reported. The new ME was prepared using diesel/colza oil (4:1, 75%), water (5%), n-butanol (10%), Brij 30 (8%), and Tween 80 (2%). This blend is an economical formulation with acceptable physical properties with a high stability temperature. The results showed no significant difference between viscosity and density of new ME and diesel. The use of different surfactants in new ME formulation exerted an impressive effect on the highest stability temperature and water droplet size. All experiments were performed in a diesel engine with a direct-injection system, run under various loads at 1500 rpm speed. The fuel efficiency measurements were performed indicating that, in comparison to the neat diesel fuel, ME has a higher brake specific fuel consumption value in all engine loads and also a higher brake thermal efficiency value in medium engine loads. The level of emitted CO and unburned hydrocarbons was increased at full engine load. The CO₂ emission value for ME and neat diesel was similar. Meanwhile, the amount of emitted NO_x was decreased considerably, especially in the case of high loads of the engine for ME compared to neat diesel.

中文翻译：

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直喷式柴油机中新型柴油/菜子油微乳的排放，燃烧和能量性能的实验研究

据报道，使用柴油/菜子油混合物配制新型微乳液（ME）燃料，并研究了具有直喷系统的柴油发动机的排放，燃烧和能源性能。，水（5％），：新的ME中使用的柴油/菜籽油（1，75％4）制备Ñ-丁醇（10％），Brij 30（8％）和Tween 80（2％）。该共混物是经济的配方，具有可接受的物理性能和较高的稳定温度。结果表明，新型ME和柴油的粘度和密度之间没有显着差异。在新的ME配方中使用不同的表面活性剂对最高的稳定温度和水滴尺寸产生了令人印象深刻的影响。所有实验均在具有直接喷射系统的柴油发动机中进行，该发动机在各种负载下以1500 rpm的速度运行。进行的燃油效率测量表明，与纯柴油相比，ME在所有发动机负荷下均具有较高的制动比燃油消耗值，在中等发动机负荷下也具有较高的制动热效率值。在发动机全负荷时，排放的一氧化碳和未燃烧的碳氢化合物水平增加了。一氧化碳ME和纯柴油的₂排放值相似。同时，发射的NO的量_X被显着降低，尤其是在对ME发动机的高负荷相比整齐柴油的情况。