Abstract Novel positively charged hybrid nanofiltration membranes were fabricated via incorporation of hyperbranched polyethyleneimine modified multiwall carbon nanotubes into polyethersulfone matrix. The main aim of this research is induction of positive charge to negatively charged polymeric membrane by means of self-assembly of positively charged nanoparticles via phase inversion technology. The prepared membranes were evaluated in terms of morphology, surface properties, thermal and mechanical stabilities, nanofiltration performance and antifouling property. The best hybrid membrane with loading of 0.6% of nanoparticles, showed high thermal and mechanical stabilities with mean pore size, molecular weight cut off (MWCO) and isoelectric point of 0.81 nm, 600 Da and 10, respectively. Pure water flux (PWF) of the hybrid membrane compared to the neat polyethersulfone membrane was enhanced 109% and reached to 75.7 L/m2 h. Effects of pressure, temperature, feed concentration and feed pH on separation performance of the membranes were also investigated. The hybrid membrane represented superior performance for heavy metals removal in rejection order of Zn (99.06%) > Mg (97.36%) > Cd (96.72%) > Cu (95.84%) > Ca (95.25%) > Ni (94.63%) > Pb (93.39%), indicating domination of Donnan exclusion mechanism. In addition, the hybrid membrane with higher hydrophilicity and lower roughness showed improved antifouling property and life span.

中文翻译：

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通过填充超支化聚乙烯亚胺改性多壁碳纳米管的新型带正电混合纳滤膜脱盐

摘要 通过将超支化聚乙烯亚胺改性的多壁碳纳米管掺入聚醚砜基质中制备了新型带正电荷的杂化纳滤膜。本研究的主要目的是通过反相技术自组装带正电荷的纳米粒子，将正电荷引入带负电荷的聚合物膜。从形态、表面性能、热和机械稳定性、纳滤性能和防污性能方面对制备的膜进行了评价。负载为 0.6% 纳米颗粒的最佳混合膜显示出高热稳定性和机械稳定性，平均孔径、截留分子量 (MWCO) 和等电点分别为 0.81 nm、600 Da 和 10。与纯聚醚砜膜相比，混合膜的纯水通量 (PWF) 提高了 109%，达到 75.7 L/m2 h。还研究了压力、温度、进料浓度和进料 pH 值对膜分离性能的影响。混合膜表现出优异的重金属去除性能，去除顺序为 Zn (99.06%) > Mg (97.36%) > Cd (96.72%) > Cu (95.84%) > Ca (95.25%) > Ni (94.63%) > Pb (93.39%)，表明唐南排斥机制占主导地位。此外，具有更高亲水性和更低粗糙度的混合膜显示出更好的防污性能和使用寿命。还研究了进料浓度和进料 pH 值对膜分离性能的影响。混合膜表现出优异的重金属去除性能，去除顺序为 Zn (99.06%) > Mg (97.36%) > Cd (96.72%) > Cu (95.84%) > Ca (95.25%) > Ni (94.63%) > Pb (93.39%)，表明唐南排斥机制占主导地位。此外，具有更高亲水性和更低粗糙度的混合膜显示出更好的防污性能和使用寿命。还研究了进料浓度和进料 pH 值对膜分离性能的影响。混合膜表现出优异的重金属去除性能，去除顺序为 Zn (99.06%) > Mg (97.36%) > Cd (96.72%) > Cu (95.84%) > Ca (95.25%) > Ni (94.63%) > Pb (93.39%)，表明唐南排斥机制占主导地位。此外，具有更高亲水性和更低粗糙度的混合膜显示出更好的防污性能和使用寿命。