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Increasing the stability of very high potential electrical double layer capacitors by operando passivation
Journal of Power Sources ( IF 9.2 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.09.018
M. Pohl , I. Tallo , A. Jänes , T. Romann , E. Lust

Electrochemical behaviour of titanium carbide-derived carbon (TiC-CDC) electrodes in 1 M (C2H5)3CH3NBF4 + acetonitrile electrolyte has been studied using cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge-discharge, impedance and constant power methods. After step by step cell potential widening and repetitive cell potential cyclization up to 3.4 V, surface passivation, i.e. decrease of faradic reaction currents at potentials higher than 3.4 V, has been detected. Based on Raman spectroscopy data, the passivation effect has been explained by repetitive oxidation-reduction of more active carbon sites from the surface of TiC-CDC and exposition of the more stable graphitic regions. After very careful electrode surface passivation/modification, the region of ideal polarizability can be widened up to 3.7 V and nearly ideal capacitive behaviour with phase angle more negative than −88° and stable series capacitance (∼120 F g−1) have been obtained. Very high experimental energy densities (30 Wh kg−1) at power densities 40 kW kg−1E ≥ 3.4 V) have been measured, comparable even with the sol-gel TiC-CDC/(acetonitrile + (C2H5)3CH3NBF4) two-electrode electrical double layer capacitor system. Much higher energy and power values have been achieved at ΔE = 3.7 V, being the maximal cell potential limit, where nearly ideal polarizability for few hundred cycles was achieved.



中文翻译:

通过操作钝化提高非常高电势的双电层电容器的稳定性

碳化钛衍生碳(TiC-CDC)电极在1 M(C 2 H 53 CH 3 NBF 4中的电化学行为 +乙腈电解质已使用循环伏安法,恒流充放电,阻抗和恒功率方法进行了研究。在逐步将电池电势加宽到高达3.4 V的重复性电池电势环化之后,已检测到表面钝化,即在高于3.4 V的电势下法拉第反应电流的降低。基于拉曼光谱数据,钝化效应已通过重复氧化还原TiC-CDC表面的更多活性炭位和暴露更稳定的石墨区域得到了解释。经过非常仔细的电极表面钝化/修改后,理想极化率的区域可以扩展到3.7 V,并且具有接近理想的电容特性,相角大于-88°,并且串联电容稳定(〜120 F g -1)已获得。非常高的实验的能量密度(30瓦时千克-1处的功率密度)40千瓦千克-1(Δ Ë  ≥3.4 V)进行了测量,可比较的甚至与溶胶-凝胶的TiC-CDC /(乙腈+(C 2 H ^ 53 CH 3 NBF 4)两电极双电层电容器系统。 在最大电池电势极限ΔE = 3.7 V时,已经获得了更高的能量和功率值,在此情况下,几百个周期内几乎达到了理想的极化率。

更新日期:2018-09-15
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