We detail the design of a new set of multicoordinating polymer ligands based on the phosphonate anchoring motif and apply them for the surface coating of luminescent quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, and iron oxide nanoparticles alike. The ligand is synthesized via a nucleophilic addition reaction between poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride) and amine-modified phosphonate derivatives and short polyethylene glycol hydrophilic blocks, which allows the flexibility to tune the architecture and stoichiometry of the final compound. We find that these phosphonate-based polymers exhibit a strong coordinating affinity for ZnS-overcoated quantum dots (QDs), Au nanoparticles, and iron oxide nanoparticles, yielding nanocrystal dispersions that exhibit good colloidal stability for all three systems. The affinity of these ligands is also preserved when additional coordinating groups are introduced, such as imidazoles. Furthermore, the resulting polymer-coated nanocrystals are easily functionalized with reactive groups, introduced along the polymer chain during synthesis. The polymer coating is compact enough to allow implementation of resonance energy transfer coupling of luminescent QDs to proximal dyes. The affinity between the ligands and gold nanoparticle surfaces was compared to that of thiol groups using NaCN digestion tests.

中文翻译：

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用于涂覆半导体，金属和金属氧化物纳米晶体的多功能配位体

我们详细介绍了基于膦酸酯锚定基序的一组新的多配位聚合物配体的设计，并将其应用于发光量子点，金纳米颗粒和氧化铁纳米颗粒等的表面涂层。配体是通过聚异丁烯盐之间的亲核加成反应合成的-顺丁烯二酸酐）和胺改性的膦酸酯衍生物以及较短的聚乙二醇亲水嵌段，从而可以灵活地调节最终化合物的结构和化学计量。我们发现这些基于膦酸酯的聚合物对ZnS包覆量子点（QD），Au纳米颗粒和氧化铁纳米颗粒表现出很强的配位亲和力，从而产生了对所有三个系统均表现出良好胶体稳定性的纳米晶体分散体。当引入其他配位基团如咪唑时，这些配体的亲和力也得以保留。此外，所得的聚合物涂覆的纳米晶体容易被在合成过程中沿聚合物链引入的反应性基团官能化。聚合物涂层足够紧凑，可以实现发光QD与近端染料的共振能量转移耦合。使用NaCN消化测试，将配体和金纳米颗粒表面之间的亲和力与硫醇基团之间的亲和力进行了比较。