Capping ligand adsorption and desorption on crystal facets crucially affects the final crystal size and shape. Herein, based on the competitive adsorption of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and its monomeric analog, cyclopentanone (CPK), we precisely modulate the synthesis of two different elemental nanowires; i.e., single-crystalline Te nanowires and multiple-twinned Pd nanowires. We discover that the similarity between the molecular structure of CPK and the repeating unit of PVP makes the competitive adsorption between them accessible, and the different desorption rates of PVP and CPK result in different crystal growth inhibition effects (strong for PVP and weak for CPK). Thus, the competitive adsorption between PVP and CPK leads to the precise modulation of the growth of these nanowires, which can be further illustrated by density functional theory. This work presents new opportunities to modulate the synthesis of nanocrystals by competitive adsorption between polymer ligands and their monomeric analogs.

封端配体在晶体小面上的吸附和解吸会严重影响最终晶体的尺寸和形状。在本文中，基于聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）及其单体类似物环戊酮（CPK）的竞争吸附，我们精确地调节了两种不同元素纳米线的合成。即单晶Te纳米线和多股Pd纳米线。我们发现CPK分子结构与PVP重复单元之间的相似性使得它们之间的竞争性吸附可及，并且PVP和CPK的不同解吸速率导致不同的晶体生长抑制效果（PVP较强而CPK较弱） 。因此，PVP和CPK之间的竞争性吸附导致这些纳米线生长的精确调节，这可以通过密度泛函理论进一步说明。